The Relationship between Cord Blood and Maternal Serum Zinc Levels and Birth Weight

Authors

1 Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

2 Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

Background: Examining the relationship between cord blood and maternal serum zinc levels and birth weight.
Methods: A total of 127 infant-mother pairs were assigned to study (n = 58; with birth weight < 2500 g) and control (n = 69; with birth weight ≥ 2500 g) groups. Serum samples were collected from eligible mothers and cord blood of their low birth weight (LBW) or normal birth weight (NBW) healthy newborns. The inclusion criterion for the infant-mother pairs was lack of any medical complications. Serum zinc level was measured by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer method and the results were expressed in μg/dl. The two groups were compared in terms of maternal and cord blood serum zinc levels. Then, we evaluated their association with birth weight of neonates in both groups through Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance using SPSS.
Results: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Urmia University of Medical Sciences (Ir.umsu.rec.1393.108 1393/04/24). Participants were provided with detailed information about the study and were assured that confidentiality would be maintained at all times. Written consent was obtained prior to data collection.
The mean age of the pregnant women was 26.1±5.8 years (age range: 18-40 years). The mean birth weight of the neonates in the two groups was 3275.9±552 kg. Pregnant women with serum zinc levels of higher than 70 μg/dl gave birth to neonates with birth weight higher than 3.5, whereas mothers with serum zinc levels of less than 60 μg/dl gave birth to infants with birth weight less than 3 kg (P=0.034). Mean serum zinc level in the cord blood of LBW group was 79.16±19.86 μg/dl, which was significantly lower than that in the NBW group (95.14±17.56 μg/dl; P<0.021). Similarly, mean maternal serum zinc level was 63.98±19.33 μg/dl in mothers who gave birth to LBW neonates, while it was 86.13±20.10 μg/dl in mothers with NBW neonates, indicating that serum zinc level was significantly lower in mothers with LBW infants than in those with NBW infants (P=0.017).
Conclusion: Maternal and cord blood zinc concentrations were shown to be associated with birth weight of the newborns

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Neonatology
Volume 8, Issue 3
September 2017
Pages 6-10

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