Effect of Enteral Administration of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) on Feeding Tolerance in Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight Neonates; a Historical-Controlled Clinical Trial

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Mahdieh Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Epidemiology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran

5 Department of Pediatrics, Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of enteral Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating G-CSF
(Factor) on feeding tolerance in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates.
Methods: This historical-controlled clinical trial was conducted on VLBW and ELBW neonates admitted to Mahdieh
Hospital, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, between July 2016 and March 2017.
In the intervention group, 81 neonates with birth weights of 710-1480 were given enteral 5 μg/kg/day of G-CSF (which
has been approved by the US FDA) for 7 consecutive days. On the other hand, the control group included 191 neonates
who did not receive G-CSF with birth weights of 600-1490 admitted during 24 months prior to the study. The two
groups were compared in terms of adverse effects of treatment, primary and secondary outcomes.
Results: The mean of gestational age and birth weight in the G-CSF group were reported as 29.96±2.47 weeks and
1204.81±201.68 grams, and these values in the control group were measured at 29.77±2.13 weeks and
1189.47±207.89 grams, respectively. Neonates who received G-CSF demonstrated better feeding tolerance, as
reflected by the earlier achievement of 50, 75, 100, full enteral feeding of 150, and maximal enteral feeding of 180
mL/kg/day (p < 0.05), with earlier weight gain and a shorter hospital stay. The rate of necrotizing enteroc olitis
(NEC) in the G-CSF group was measured at 3.7% that was significantly lower, as compared to the control group
(P=0.005). Approximately 8.9% of the neonates in the control group expired which was higher than the G-CSF
group (P=0.06). All neonates tolerated the treatment and there was no statistically significant difference between
the two groups.
Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the enteral administration of G-CSF to VLBW and ELBW neonates
improved feeding tolerance and it was well tolerated without any associated side effects.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Neonatology
Volume 11, Issue 1
January 2020
Pages 71-79

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