Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation and High-output Cardiac Failure in a Newborn

Document Type : Case Report

Authors

1 Neonatal Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Background: Vein of Galen aneurysm (VGA) is the most common form of symptomatic cerebrovascular malformation in neonates. It develops in a fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy due to unknown reasons, but it is likely to have a genetic etiology. The prognosis of VGA is usually poor, particularly in newborns with heart failure due to high-flow intracerebral shunt. Surgery and endovascular embolization are partially successful treatments for controlling congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.
Case report: In this article, we present the case of a 3600-gram, full-term, female neonate hospitalized with respiratory distress and severe heart failure. The neonate was the second child of a 28-year-old mother. After echocardiography and brain sonography, she was diagnosed with the vein of Galen malformation. The case had severe and persistent congestive heart failure and refractory pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusion: It is important to perform the auscultation of fontanel in newborns and consider VGA as a differential diagnosis in the neonates with congestive heart failure.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Neonatology
Volume 10, Issue 1
March 2019
Pages 86-88

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