<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Iranian Journal of Neonatology</title>
			<title_fa>مجله نوزادان ایران</title_fa>
			<short_title>IJN</short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2251-7510</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2322-2158</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>4</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>17</volume>
			<number>2</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Comparison of the Severity of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Manifestations in Newborns Exposed the Natural and Synthetic Opioids</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>تحقیقی اصیل</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: The study aimed to investigate the severity of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) complications in newborns (NBs)  in the eastern region of Iran.
Methods: The retrospective study was conducted among mothers and singleton live births between March 2022 and March 2023.
Results: Twenty-nine mothers (53.7%) used natural opioids (NO) and 25 (46.3%) synthetic opioids (SO). The highest number with the 20-30 age range. Of the NBs from the NO, 31.03% were before 37 weeks. In contrast, in the SO, 88% were before 37 weeks (p &lt; 0.05). In the NO, 89.65% weighed &lt; 2.5 kg. In contrast, 100% of those in the SO weighed &gt; 2.5 kg. In SO exhibited crying for &gt;10 minutes at a high. Additionally, SO had a high frequency of sleep (P&lt;0.05). The SO showed a high frequency of metabolic disorders (P&lt;0.05). The frequency of sneezing was high in the SO (P&lt;0.05). Nasal flaring was high in the SO (P&lt;0.05). Respiratory rate index, defined as more than 60 breaths per minute and retractions&gt; 60 breaths per minute, were high in the NO and SOs, respectively (P&lt;0.05). Excessive sucking and poor nutrition were high in the NO, and SO, respectively (P&lt;0.05). The regurgitation index (grade 3), and loose stools and watery stools were high in the SO (P &lt; 0.05).
Conclusion: The study highlighted the impact of the NB&#039;s gender and age at birth on the severity of the NAS symptoms, esprcially in SO group.
 ]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Gastrointestinal Disorders, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Nervous System Diseases, Opioids, pregnancy, Respiration Disorders</keyword>
				<start_page>29</start_page>
				<end_page>38</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_26228.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Khadijeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Saravani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khadije.saravani1399@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>115143</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Zabol University of Medical Science, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zakiyeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jahantigh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>jahantighzakiyeh@gmail.com</email>
				<code>115144</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Javad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Poursamimi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>javadpoursamimi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>115145</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>3.	Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
4.	Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Amirhosein</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Kamrava</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>dramirhoseinkamrava@gmail.com</email>
				<code>115146</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Foroogh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Asli</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>forooghasli@gmail.com</email>
				<code>115147</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mohamad Hasan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mohamadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mh_mohammadi@zbmu.ac.ir</email>
				<code>115148</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Afsaneh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mirshekari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>afsanemir4@gmail.com</email>
				<code>115149</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>