ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Photocatalytic Degradation of 2, 2, 4 Trimethyl Pentane (Isooctane) in Aqueous Solution
photoreactor using solar radiation. The effect of various parameters such as pH, initial concentration of pollutant, catalyst dose, oxidant, and time variation were studied. The determination of the best catalyst was studied amongst the four catalysts (TiO2, ZnO, PSA and SSA) .The kinetics of degradation of isooctane was also studied. The results showed that TiO2 was the best catalyst with a degradation rate of 57%. Also, the optimum conditions for the degradation of the isooctane were; 50mg/L of initial concentration, pH 8 and catalyst dose of 4.0g/l. The kinetics analysis for the degradation of isooctane revealed that it follows pseudo – first‐ order reaction kinetics. The Langmuir – Hinshelwood model showed a better fitting with reaction rate and adsorption equilibrium constants of 3.0 mg/L.h and 1.53 × 10‐3 L/mg respectively and the regression was 0.979. Finally
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2004_b48399669664bc839185f5839b660a82.pdf
2014-01-01
1
7
10.22038/ijn.2013.2004
2, 2, 4 trimethyl pentane (isooctane)
Photocatalysis
TiO2 catalyst
Felix A.
Aisien
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo Nigeria
AUTHOR
Amabogha
Blessing
bamabogha@yahoo.com
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zhao N, Zhang T, Oyama T, Horikoshi S, Serpone J, Hidaka H. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2003; 42:13.
1
Blanco JG. Solar Detoxification, Head of Solar Chemistry, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 2003; 93–135.
2
He C, Yu Y, Hu X, Larbot A. Influence of silver doping on the photocatalytic activity of titania films. Applied Surface Science. 2002; 200(1): 239-47.
3
Okamoto KI, Yamamoto Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka M, Itaya A. Heterogeneous photocatalytic decompo-sition of phenol over TiO2 powder. Chem Soc Jpn. 1985; 58 (7): 2015-22.
4
Ahmed S, Ollis DF. Solar Energy 1984, 32, 597.
5
Al-Ekabi H, Serpone N. J Phys Chem. 1988; 92: 5726.
6
Serpone N. J. Photochem. Photobiol. 1996; 93: 199.
7
Matthews RW. Wat. Res. 1990; 24: 653.
8
Pelizzetti E, Serpone N, Ah-You YK. Tran TP, Harris R, Hidaka H. Solar Energy 1987; 39: 491.
9
Pruden AL, Ollis DF. Catal J. 1983; 82: 404.
10
Guettai N, Ait AH. Photocatalytic oxidation of methyl orange in presence of Titanium dioxide in aqueous suspension. Part II: kinetics study. Desalination. 2005; 185(1):439-48.
11
Alina CatrinelIon I Ion, A Culetu. Mat. sci. Eng. B, 2011; 176(6):504-9.
12
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cord Blood Lipid Profile in Premature, Near-Term and Term Newborn Infants
Introduction: The fetus needs a considerable amount of cholesterol for the development of tissues and organs. Studies have suggested that genetic and environmental factors influence the composition of cord blood lipoproteins. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of gestational age, sex and birth weight on the cord blood lipoproteins. Methods: We collected umbilical cord blood samples from 91 newborn infants, delivered normally, or by caesarean section. According to their gestational age, the samples were divided into 3 groups: the premature (≤ 34 weeks of gestational age), the near-term (35 – 37 weeks of gestational age), and the term group (≥ 38 weeks of gestational age). Serum was used to measure cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by the enzymatic auto-analyzer. SPSS 17 software was used for ANOVA test, Student t-test and Spearman correlation test. P-value less than 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results: The results of this study indicate that gender has no effect on the level of lipid in the samples; it doesn’t affect the subgroups, either. The serum level of cholesterol is inversely correlated with neonatal gestational age, and the neonatal body weight (P < 0.05). Only in the term subgroup, high positive correlation is observed between the triglyceride level and gestational age (P <0.05). All other subgroups show no significant correlation between the lipids and age or weight. Conclusion: The cord blood cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL are not affected by the gender of the newborns. Cholesterol level is inversely correlated with the gestational age and birth weight, and this could be regarded as a risk factor for atherogenic lipoprotein metabolism, later on in life.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2005_9d566f9edadac47ce18d755bc12681b4.pdf
2014-01-01
8
10
10.22038/ijn.2013.2005
Cord blood
lipid profile
lipoprotein
Near-term
Newborn
Premature
Term
Raid M. R.
Umran Tohmaz
raidumran@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Pediatrician and Neonatologist , Al- Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
AUTHOR
Kharb S, Kaur R, Singh V, Sangwan K. Birth Weight, Cord Blood Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Levels in Indian Newborns. Int J Prev Med. 2010; 1(1): 29-33.
1
Loughrey CM, Rimm E, Heiss G, Rifai N. Race and gender differences in cord blood lipoproteins. Atherosclerosis. 2000; 148 (1): 57-65.
2
Bachorik PS, Lovejoy KL, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Apolipoprotein B and AI distributions in the United States, 1988–1991: results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III). Clin Chem. 1997; 43 (12): 2364–78.
3
Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Childhood lipoprotein profiles and implications for adult coronary artery disease: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J MED Sci. 1995; 310: 62-7.
4
Bansal N, Cruickshank JK, McElduff P, Durrington PN. Cord blood lipoproteins and prenatal influen-ces. Current Opinion in Lipidology. 2005; 16(4): 400-8.
5
Kwiterovich PO, Virgil DG, Garrett E, Otvos J, Driggers R, Blakemore K, et al. Lipoprotein heterogeneity at birth: influence of gestational age and race on lipoprotein subclasses. Ethn Dis. 2004; 14:351-9.
6
Kwiterovich PO, Cockrill SL, Virgil DG, Garrett ES, Otvos J, Knight-Gibson C, et al. A Large High-Density Lipoprotein Enriched in Apolipoprotein C-I A Novel Biochemical Marker in Infants of Lower Birth Weight and Younger Gestational Age. JAMA. 2005; 293:1891-9.
7
Badiee Z, Kelishadi R. Cord blood lipid profiles in a population of Iranian term newborns. Pediatr Cardiol. 2008; 29(3): 574-9.
8
Bastida S, Sanchez-Muniz FJ, Cuesta C, Perea S, Aragones A. Male and female cord blood lipop-rotein profile differences throughout the term-period. J Perinat MED. 1997; 25: 184-91.
9
Andoh T, Uda H, Yoshimitsu N, Hatano H, Ueda T, Iwamatsu Y, Akiba S. The Sex Differences in Cord-Blood Cholesterol and Fatty-Acid Levels Among Japanese Fetuses. J Epidemiol, 1997; 7: 226-31.
10
Pecks U, Brieger M, Schiessl B, Bauerschlag DO, Piroth D, Bruno B, et al. Maternal and fetal cord blood lipids in intrauterine growth restriction. J Perinat MED. 2012;40(3): 287-96.
11
Pardo IMCG, Geloneze B, Tambascia MA, Barros-Filho AA. Atherogenic lipid profile of Brazilian near-term newborns. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2005; 38(5): 755-60.
12
Yonezawa R, Okada T, Kitamura T, Fujita H, Inami I, Makimoto M, et al. Very low-density lipoprotein in the cord blood of preterm neonates. Metabolism. 2009; 58 (5): 704-7.
13
Irving RJ, Belton NR, Elton RA, Walker BR. Adult cardiovascular risk factors in premature babies. Lancet. 2000; 355: 2135-6.
14
Lindsay RS, Dabelea D, Roumain J, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Type 2 diabetes and low birth weight: the role of paternal inheritance in the association of low birth weight and diabetes. Diabetes. 2000; 49(3): 445-9.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of Oral Zinc Sulfate Intake in Prevention of Neonatal Jaundice
Introduction:Jaundice is considered as a common clinical condition during infancy. Prevention of severe hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice) is safer and easier than current therapies, like phototherapy or blood exchange. In some animal studies, zinc was found effective in reducing jaundice. In this study we evaluated the effect of zinc sulfate on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on healthy term (35 weeks of age and more) neonates. Eligible newborns were randomly allocated to two groups: group A (receiving zinc sulfate, n=57) and group B (receiving placebo, n=74). They were screened for indirect bilirubin by BiliCheck at the end of the first, third and seventh day of age. We evaluated various characteristics such as weight, clinical signs, maternal and neonatal histories, and laboratory results. Results: Mean bilirubin values of the 3rd and 7th day were determined as (12.9±3 vs. 12.6±2 mg/dl, p=0.473), and (12.4±3 vs. 12.4±4, p=0.989), respectively. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (Bil>15) among group A and group B was reported 26% and 22%, respectively. The rate of admission due to hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy was significantly higher among the newborns in placebo group, (p=0.043). Weight gain between the 3rd and 7th day of infant’s age was more significant in the zinc group, (p=0.039). Conclusion:The current study showed that the administration of zinc sulfate neither affected hyperbilirubinemia, nor delayed the jaundice appearance; although fewer admission and phototherapy duration were reported in the zinc group in comparison with the placebo group. Weight gain between the 3rd and 7th day was more significant in the zinc group.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2006_f5419dc146875e00b2780de7b555aa61.pdf
2014-01-01
11
16
10.22038/ijn.2013.2006
Bilicheck
Hyperbilirubinemia
Newborn
Phototherapy
Zinc sulfate
Gholamali
Maamouri
mamoorigh@gmail.com
1
Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Boskabadi
boskabadih@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahin
Mafinejad
shahinmaf@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yasaman
Bozorgnia
yasibn@yahoo.com
4
Assistant professor of orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Khakshur
5
Department of Pediatrics, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
AUTHOR
Boskabadi H, Maamouri GH, Mafinejad S. The Effect of Traditional Remedies (Camel's Thorn, Flixweed and Sugar Water) on Idiopathic Neonatal Jaundice. Iran J Pediatr 2011;21(3):325-30.
1
Boskabadi H, Maamouri GA, Mafinejad SH, Rezagholizadeh F. Clinical Course and Prognosis of Hemolytic Jaundice in Neonates in North East of Iran. Maced J Med Sci. 2011;4(4):403-7.
2
Vitek L, Jirsa M, Brodanova M, Kalab M, Mareček Z, Danzig V, et al. Gilbert syndrome and ischemic heart disease: a protective effect of elevated bilirubin levels. Atherosclerosis. 2002; 160(2): 449-51.
3
Maisels MJ, Pathak A, Nelson NM, Nathan DG, Smith CA. Endogenous production of carbon monoxide in normal and erythroblastotic newborn infants. J Clin Invest. 1971; 50(1): 1-9.
4
Gourley GR. Pathophysiology of breast-milk jaundice. In: Polin RA, Fox WW, eds. Fetal and neonatal physiology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1998:1499.
5
Vítek L, Muchová L, Zelenka J, Zadinová M, Malina J. The effect of zinc salts on serum bilirubin levels in hyperbilirubinemic rats. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005; 40(2):135-40.
6
Nishioka T, Hafkamp AM, Havinga R, van Lierop PP, Velvis H, Verkade HJ. Orlistat treatment increases fecal bilirubin excretion and decreases plasma bilirubin concentrations in hyperbilirubinemic gunn rats. J Pediatr. 2003; 143(3): 327-34.
7
Valaes T, Harvey-Wilkes K. Pharmacologic appro-aches to the prevention and treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Clin Perinatol. 1990;17(2): 245-74.
8
9. Méndez-Sánchez N, Roldán-Valadez E, Flores MA, Cárdenas-Vázquez R, Uribe M. Zinc salts precipitate unconjugated bilirubin in vitro and inhibit enterohepatic cycling of bilirubin in hamsters. Eur J Clin Invest. 2001; 31(9):773-80.
9
Maisels MJ, Ostrea EM, Touch S, Clune SE, Cepeda E, Kring E, et al. Evaluation of a new transcutaneous bilirubinometer. Pediatric. 2004; 113(6): 1628-35.
10
Yasuda S, Itoh S, Isobe K, Yonetani M, Nakamura H, Nakamura M, et al. New transcutaneous jaundice device with two optical paths. J Perinat Med. 2003; 31(1): 81-8.
11
Rana N, Mishra S, Bhatnagar S, Paul V, Deorari AK, Agarwal R. Efficacy of zinc in reducing hyper-bilirubinemia among at-risk neonates: a random-ized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Indian J Pediatr. 2011;78(9):1073-8.
12
Newman TB, Xiong B, Gonzales VM, Escobar GJ. Prediction and prevention of extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a mature health mainten-ance organization. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000; 154(11): 1140-7.
13
Diwan VK, Vaughan TL, Yang CY. Maternal smoking in relation to the incidence of early neonatal jaundice. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1989; 27(1): 22-25.
14
Maisels MJ. Neonatal jaundice. In: Sinclair JC, Bracken MB, editor(s). Effective Care of the Newborn Infant. New York: Oxford University
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Comparison of Significant Bilirubin Rebound after Discontinuation of Phototherapy in Two Groups of Neonates in Valiasr Hospital: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Introduction:The aim of this study is to compare significant post-phototherapy bilirubin rebound in two groups of neonates, with two levels of bilirubin, at discontinuation of phototherapy. Materials and Methods:One hundred and fifteen neonates ≥35 weeks of gestationl age (GA), admitted due to hyperbilirubinemia in the Neonatal Ward of Valiasr Hospital, were randomly divided into two groups: group A and group B. In group A, phototherapy was discontinued when bilirubin level reached 11 mg/dl, or the 40th percentile of the Bhutani nomogram, while in group B, it took place at bilirubin level of 13 mg/dl or the 75th percentile. After 24 hr, total serum bilirubin was measured. Significant post-phototherapy rebound was defined as bilirubin increase of more than 2 mg/dl or the 95th percentile. Results: A total of 13 (11.3%) neonates out of 115 participants developed significant rebound, 9 of which (69%) were in group A , and the rest (21%) were in group B, which was not considered a significant difference (p=0.13). Comparison of the two groups showed no significant difference concerning the correlation between rebound and the infant’s age, in hr of starting phototherapy. However, the number of neonates in group B, who received phototherapy before 48 hr of age, was too small to draw reliable conclusions. Logistic regression analysis showed that intravenous serum therapy was the only risk factor significantly associated with rebound (p=0.005). Conclusion: According to this study, it is shown that discontinuation of phototherapy in hyperbilirubinemia, at lower bilirubin levels, would not prevent rebound. Moreover, no association was found between the known risk factors and rebound.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2007_147e7cec0272e990321705222023685b.pdf
2014-01-01
17
21
10.22038/ijn.2013.2007
bilirubin
neonate
Phototherapy
Rebound
Nikoo
Niknafs
n-niknafs@tums.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Firoozeh
Nili
2
Professor In Neonatology, Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hosein
Dalili
3
Assistant Professor, Breastfeeding Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Nayeri
4
Associated Professor, Maternal , Fetal And Neonatal Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Tahereh
Esmaeilnia
5
Associated Professor, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Elahe
Amini
6
Associated Professor, Valiasr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
American Academy of Pediatrics, Subcommittee on hyperbilirubinemia. Management of Hyperbiliru-binemia in the Newborn Infant 35 or More Weeks of gestation. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1): 297-316
1
Bhutani VK, Johnson L, Sivieri EM. Predictive ability of a predischarge hour-specific serum bilirubin for subsequent significant hyperbilirubinemia in healt-hy term and near-term newborns. Pediatrics. 1999;103(1): 6–14
2
Kaplan M,P Merlob P, Regev R. Israel guidelines for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and prevention of kernicterus. Journal of Perinat-ology. 2008; 28(6): 389–97.
3
Kaplan M, Kaplan E, Hammerman C, Algur N, Bromiker R, Schimmel MS, Eidelman Al. Post-phototherapy neonatal bilirubin rebound: a potent-ial cause of significant hyperbilirubinaemia. Arch Dis Child. 2006; 91(1):31–4.
4
Maisels MJ, Kring E. Rebound in serum bilirubin level following intensive phototherapy. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002; 156(7):669-72.
5
Lazar L, Litwin A, Merlob P. Phototherapy for Neonatal Nonhemolytic Hyperbilirubinemia: Anal-ysis of Rebound and Indications for Discontinuing Therapy. Clinical pediatrics. 1993; 32(5):264-7.
6
Bansal A, Jain S, Parmar VR, Chawla D. Bilirubin Rebound after Intensive Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice. Indian Pediatr. 2010; 47(7):607-9.
7
Maisels M, Mc Donagh AF. Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice. The new England Journal of Medicine 2008; 358(9):920-8.
8
Wong RJ, Bhutani VK, Abrams SA, Kim MS. Treatment of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in term and late preterm infants. 2010. Uptodate 2010. Available at: URL: http://www.uptodate.co-m/contents/treatment-of-unconjugated-hyperbili-rubinemia-in-term-and-late-preterm-infants. Acce-ssed May, 2010.
9
Maisels MJ, Bhutani VK, Bogan D, Newman TB, Stark AR, Watchko JF. Hyperbilirubinemia in the Newborn Infant³35 Weeks' Gestation: An Update with Clarifications. Pediatrics. 2009;124(4):1193-8.
10
Watchko JF. Neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia and kernikterus. In: Gleason CA, Devaskar SU. Avery’s diseases of newborn. 9th ed. Philadel-phia: Elsevier saunders; 2012. P. 1123-8.
11
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of High and Low Doses of Captopril in the Treatment of Neonates with Left-to-Right Shunt
Introduction: Due to the significant differences between the physiology and pathology of adults and neonates, clinical guidelines for adults are not directly applicable to children. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of high- and low- dose captopril on the neonates with large left-to-right shunts. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 neonates with congenital heart disease, left-to-right shunt, and cardiac failure. Based on the Ross scoring system, the neonates were clinically evaluated by measuring renin, aldosterone, and B-type natriuretic peptide, and performing echocardiography. For each neonate, the treatment of heart failure started with digoxin and frusemide, and reevaluation was conducted 3 days after the treatment. Afterwards, the neonates were randomly divided into 2 groups; low- (0.03mg/kg) and high-doses (0.5mg/kg) of captopril were administered, and the reevaluation was carried out, after one week of therapy. Results: The study revealed higher reduction of the Ross score in the high-dose group; however, the change was not statistically significant (P=0.56). B-type natriuretic peptide and aldosterone reduced further in the high-dose group; again the changes were not statistically significant (P=0.4). Moreover, the treatment with captopril increased the pulmonary blood flow (QP), and pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow (QP/QS) in both groups; though the changes were not significant. Conclusion: According to the present study, although high-dose captopril can decrease B-type natriuretic peptide and the neonates' clinical symptoms, the resultant changes are not statistically significant. Therefore, clinical decision making should follow a case-by-case basis for each neonate, in order to select the effective dose of captopril.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2009_e2c6b744f39426c0f94e5a091edeea85.pdf
2014-01-01
22
27
10.22038/ijn.2013.2009
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
congenital heart disease
heart failure
Left-to-right shunt
Neurohormones
Hamid
Amoozgar
1
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Naghshzan
naghshzana@sums.ac.ir
2
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeed
Alinejad
alinejads@sums.ac.ir
3
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Narjes
Pishva
pishvan@sums.ac.ir
4
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Ahmadipoor
maryam.ahmadipour@sums.ac.ir
5
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Mohammad
Shakiba
shakibam@sums.ac.ir
6
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Edraki
edraki@sums.ac.ir
7
Neonatology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Namazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Aschera SB, Smitha PB, Clarkc RH, Cohen-Wolkowieza M, et al. Sepsis in young infants with congenital heart disease.Early Human Development.2012; 88S2, S92–S97.
1
Cox GF, Sleeper LA, Lowe AM, Towbin JA, Colan SD, Orav EJ, et al. Factors associated with establishing a causal diagnosis for children with cardiomyopathy. Pediatrics. 2006; 118:15-19.
2
Lipshultz SE, Sleeper LA, Towbin JA, et al. The incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in two regions of the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1647-1655.
3
Jeffrey A. Towbin,April M. Lowe,Steven D. Colan, Lynn A. Sleeper,E. John Orav, et al. Incidence, Causes, and Outcomes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Children. JAMA. 2006; 296: 1867-1876.
4
Rosenthal D, Chrisant M, Edens E, Mahony L, Canter CH, Colan S, Ross R, et al. Interna-tional society for heart and lung transplant-tation: practiceguidelines for management of heart failure in children.The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation.2004; 23(12).
5
Gradman AH, Papademetriou V. Combined renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibi-tion in patients with chronic heart failure secondary to left ventricular systolic dysfun-ction. American Heart Journal. 2009; 157(6):-18-21.
6
James N, Smith M. Treatment of heart failure in children. Current Paediatrics. 2005; 15: 539–8.
7
Rodeheffer RJ. Measuring Plasma B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure. JACC. 2004; 44(54):740–9.
8
Buchhorn R, Hulpke-Wette M, Hilgers R, Bartmus D, Wessel A, Bursch J. Propranolol treatment of congestive heart failure in infants with congenital heart disease: The CHF-PRO-INFANT Trial. International Journal of Cardiology. 2001; 79: 167–73.
9
Ratnasamy C, Kinnamon DD, Lipshultz SE, Rusconi P. Associations between neurohor-monal and inflammatory activation and heart failure in children. Am Heart J. 2008; 155:527–33.
10
Ross RD. The Ross Classification for Heart Failure in Children after 25Years: A Review and an Age-Stratified Revision. Pediatr Cardiol. 2012; DOI 10.1007/s00246-012-0306-8.
11
Auslender M. New drugs in the treatment of heart failure. Progress in Pediatric Cardiology. 2000; 12:119-124.
12
Brunner-La Rocca HP, Vaddadi G, Esler MD. Recent insight into therapy of congestive heart failure: focus on ACE inhibition and angiotensin-II antagonism.JACC.1999; 33(5): 1163–73.
13
Cichoka E, Kawalec W, Januszewicz P, Wyszynska T. The effect of ACE inhibition on left ventricular function and structure in hypertensive adolescents. J Hypertens. 1994; 12:143.
14
Grenier MA, Fioravanti J, Truesdell SC, Mendelsohna AM, Vermiliona RP, Lipshultz SE. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy for ventricular dysfunction in infants, children and adolescents: a review. Progress in Pediatric Cardiology.2000; 91:111-12.
15
Watanabe M, Kawaguchi H, Onozuka H ,et al. Chronic effects of enalapril and amlodipine on cardiac remodeling incardiomyopathic hams-ter hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998; 32:248-59.
16
Wilkinson JD, Diamond M, Miller TL. The promise of cardiovascular biomarkers in assessing children with cardiac diseaseand in predicting cardiovascular events in adults. Progress in Pediatric Cardiology.2011; 32:25–34.
17
Buchhorn R, Ross RD, Hulpke-Wette M, Bartmus D, WesselA, Schulz R. Effectiveness of low dose Captopril versus Propranolol therapy in infants with severe congestive failure due to left-to-right shunts. Internati-onal Journal of Cardiology.2000; 76:227–33.
18
Boucek MM, Chang R. Effects of Captopril on the Distribution of Left Ventricular Output with Ventricular Septal Defect Pediatric Research1988; 24: 499–503.
19
Boucek MM, Chang R, Synhorst DP. Renin-angiotensin II response to the hemodynamic pathology of ovines with ventricular septal defect. Circ Res. 1989; 64(3): 524-31.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Knowledge and Practice of Mothers, Regarding the Supplementary Nutrition of Breast-fed Infants, Yasuj, Iran
Introduction: Optimal growth and development of infants requires correct nutrition, and suitable alimentary habits. Mothers’ wrong use of supplementary nutrition and their lack of knowledge is one of the most important causes of malnutrition. This study was conducted in order to determine the knowledge and practice of supplementary nutrition among mothers with 6 -12 months old infants. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 180 mothers with6 -12 month old infants, who were referring to health centers of Yasuj University and Medical Sciences, were selected by randomly sampling in 2008.Researchers attended different clinics in the morning shifts, and the questionnaires, which were used as data collecting tools, were completed by conducting interview with mothers. Afterwards, the collected data was analyzed by SPSS 17 software, using descriptive statistics, and Chi-square. Results: As the results show, the majority of mothers (78.3%) had sufficient knowledge of supplementary nutrition. Also, there were no significant differences in mother’s knowledge based on their age, occupation, educational level and birth order. Other results show that the majority of mothers (62.8%) had good practice regarding the nutrition of their infants (P = 0.03). Also, there was appositive relationship between mother’s knowledge and practice of supplementary nutrition (P = 0.04). Conclusion: According to this study, it can be concluded that the knowledge and practice of majority of mothers about supplementary nutrition sufficient. Moreover, in order to broaden the knowledge of the personnel in health centers, mass media must be used to find the important related issues.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2010_ef591ac3c9418d0f7d832be5f0e6ee20.pdf
2014-01-01
28
33
10.22038/ijn.2013.2010
Complementary
Infant
Knowledge
Mother
Nutrition
Practice
Sima
Mohammadhossini
1
MSc in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Surgical group, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Nazafarin
Hosseini
2
PHD in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Masood
Moghimi
moghimim2004teacher@yahoo.com
3
MSc in Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Health Group, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mansoor
Fouladi
4
General Physician, Basat Hospital, Gachsaran, Iran
AUTHOR
Asaei M, Asfahani M. Knowing of Breast fed. Society of promotion with breast feeding of Islamic Republic of Iran with cooperation World Health organization. 2000.137-53.
1
Health Assistance of Ministry treatment and Medical Education with Cooperation UNICEF. Promotion of infant growth and nutrition, Tehran. 2003.
2
Marandi SA. Nutrition with complementary foods. Research & Scientific Journal of Tab and Tazkiya. 2001; 35: 11- 3.
3
Weinstein ME, Oleske JM, Bodgden JD. A selected review of breast – feeding recommendation. 2006; 26(8): 379-84.
4
Gorstein J, AkreaJ. The use of anthropometry to assess nutritional status WID Health Stat Quart. 1988; 41:48-58.
5
Kligman B, Behrman R, Jenson H. Review of Pediatrics. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company. 2000; 344-60.
6
Neumann CG, Gewa C, Bwibo NO. Child nutrition in developing countries. Pediatr Ann. 2004; 33 (10): 658-74.
7
Zoakah AI, Idoko LO, Okoronkwo Mo, Adeleke OA. Prevalence of malnutrition using Z scores and absolute values in children under five years of age in Utan village, Jos, plateau state, Nigeria. East Afr Med J. 2000; 77(3):121-6.
8
Assistance office Nutrition Ministry of health & Medical Education. Education set of infant nutrition. 2002; 18:37-9.
9
Kahbazi M, Cahraei A. Effect of complementary nutrition by physician on infant weight 6-24 month with failure to thrive. Research & scientific journal of Arac Rahavard danash. 2005; 7: (3): 21- 6.
10
Rashadat S. Mothers knowledge instance of correct nutrition pattern of under 1 years infant nutrition and some of its associated factors in Kermanshah community oriented 2004. Bahbood Research & scientific journal of Medical Sciences of Kermansha.2004; 9(4).
11
Kahbazi M, Farahani A. Effect of Education on Knowledge and Attitude in infant complementary feed under 1 years. Research & scientific journal of Arac. Rahavard danash. 1998; 5(2):19- 23.
12
Karimi M, Jamshidi KH. Mothers knowledge complementary nutrition in 2 years after birth in Azadshar Yazd. Journal of Shahid Sadoghi Yazd university of Medical Sciences and Health services. 2002; 14: 16.
13
Sharifi F. Mothers knowledge of Infant compleme-ntary nutrition. Journal of Iran infant Disease. 2003; 38: 33-5.
14
Al Bustan M, Kohli BR. Socio- economic and demo-graphic factors influencing breast – feeding among Kuwaiti woman. Genus. 1998; 44:265-78.
15
Amani R, Afzali N. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of business mothers about breast feeding and complimentary nutrition in city of Ahwaz. Scientific Medical Journal of Ahwaz university of Medical Sciences. 2000; 28:1-9.
16
Liaqat P, Rizvi MA, Qayyum A, Ahmed H. Association between complementary feeding practice and mothers education status in Islamabad. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2007; 20(4): 340-4.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effectiveness of Mother Infant Interaction on infantile colic
Introduction: Infantile colic has been defined as episodes of excessive and persistent crying without known medical cause. Kangaroo mother care is a new method for case of newborn with several advantages. This study designed for evolution KMC and its effect on infantile colic. Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial, from 1th may 2008 to 1th may 2009 a total of 70 children, aged 3-12 weeks with persistent colic symptoms that referred to sheikh children hospital (Clinic). Normal mother-infant pairs were recruited at 3 to 12 weeks of age after obtaining baseline for two days. All cases divided randomly to kangaroo care and conventional care group. For analyzing the data we used 2-sample t test, X² test and fisher exact test. Results: In the begining of study, the kangaroo care group had 3.5hr/d crying and after the intervention, it decreased to 1.7hr/d, the difference were significant (P<0.05). But there were no difference in feeding duration between 2 groups (P=0.2). Awake and content (normal behavior) behaviors were significantly increased in the kangaroo care group (P=0.001). Sleeping duration was significantly increased in the kangaroo care group (P=0.02). Conclusion: Kangaroo care may use as a simple and safe method for colicky infants treatment.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2090_8e6e870221ca79be248e95e9926eae75.pdf
2014-01-01
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10.22038/ijn.2013.2090
Infantile colic
Kangaroo care
Mother infant interaction
Reza
Saeidi
saeedir@mums.ac.ir
1
Neonatalogist, Associate Professor of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Ziadi Lotf Abadi
2
MD-MPH, Department of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Abolghasem
Saeidi
3
Msc of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahbobe
Gholami Robatsangi
midwiferymaster26279@gmail.com
4
Department of Nursing, Faculty Member of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Lucassen P, Assendelft W, Van Eijk JT, Gubbels J, Douwes A, Van Galdop WJ. Systematic review of the occurrence of infantile colic in the community. Arch Dis Child. 2001; 84:398-403.
1
Reineveld SA, Brugman E, Hirasing RA. Excessive infant crying: definitions determine risk groups. Arch Dis Chiuld. 2002; 87:43-4.
2
Wade S, Kilgour T. Extracts from "clinical evidence": Infantile colic. BMJ. 2001; 323:437-40.
3
Lester B, Boukydis CF, Garica-Coll CT, Hole WT. Colic for developmentalists. Acta pedater. 2000; 89:68-72.
4
Kalliomäki M, Laippala P, Korvenranta H, Kero P, Isolauri E. Extent of fussing and colic type crying preceding atopic disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2001; 84(4):349-50.
5
Lucassen PLBJ, Assendelft WJJ, Gubbels JW, van Eijk JTM, van Geldrop WJ, Knuistingh Neven A. Effectiveness of treatments for infantile colic: systematic review. BMJ 1998; 316:1563-9.
6
Reijneveld SA, Brugman E, Hirasing RA. Hirasing. Excessive Infant Crying: The Impact of Varying Definitions. Pediatrics. 2001; 108(4):893-7.
7
Zwart P, Vellema-Goud MG, Brand PL. Characteristics of infants admitted to hospital for persistent colic, and comparison with healthy infants. Acta paediatrica. 2007; 96:(3):401–5.
8
Wessel MA, Cobb JC, Jackson EB, Harris GS, Detwiler AC. Paroxysmal fussing in infancy, sometimes called" colic". Pediatrics. 1954; 14(5): 421-35.
9
Rautava P, Helenius H, Lehtonen L. Psychosocial predisposing factors for infantile colic. BMJ. 1993; 307(6904): 600-4.
10
Clifford TJ, Campbell MK, Speechley KN, Gorodzinsky F. Sequelae of Infant Colic;Evidence of Transient Infant Distress and Absence of Lasting Effects on Maternal Mental Health. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002; 156:1183-8.
11
Clifford TJ, Campbell MK, Speechley KN, Gorodzinsky F. Infant colic: empirical evidence of the absence of an association with source of early infant nutrition. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002; 156:1123-8.
12
Anderson GC. Current knowledge about skin to skin (Kangaroo) care for preterm infants. Journal of perinatology. 1991; 11(3):216-26.
13
Ellett ML, Bleah DA, Parris S. Feasibility of using kangaroo (skin-to-skin) care with colicky infants. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2004; 27(1):9-15.
14
Hunziker UA, Barr RG. Increased carrying reduces infant crying: A Randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 1986; 77(5):641-8.
15
Clifford TJ, Campbell MK, Speechley KN, Gorodzinsky F. Infant Colic; Empirical Evidence of the Absence of an Association with Source of Early Infant Nutrition. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002; 156(11):1123-8.
16
Barr RG. Baby's day diary. Montréal (QC); 1985 [available from the author].
17
Levitzky S, Cooper R. Infant Colic Syndrome—Maternal Fantasies of Aggression and Infanticide. Clinical Pediatrics. 2000;39(7): 395-400.
18
Runfors P, Arnbjornsson E, Elander G, Michelsson K. Newborn infants, cry after heel-prick: analysis with sound spectrogram. Acta pedater. 2000; 89: 68-72.
19
Ludington-hoe SM, Hosseini RB. Skin contact (Kangaroo care) Analgesia for preterm infant Heel stick. AACN Clin Issues. 2005; 16:373-87.
20
21. White BP, Gunnar MR, Larson MC, Donzella B, Barr RG. Behavioral and Physiological Responsivity, Sleep, and Patterns of Daily Cortisol Production in Infants with and without Colic. Child Development. 1997; 71(4):862–77.
21
Saeidi R, Asnaashari Z, Amirnejad M, Esmaeili H, Gholami Robatsangi M. Use of “Kangaroo Care” to Alleviate the Intensity of Vaccination Pain in Newborns. Iran J Pediatr. 2011; 21(1): 99–102.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Neonatal Sepsis: An Update
Sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal mortality. As per National Neonatal-Perinatal Database (NNPD), 2002-2003, the incidence of neonatal sepsis in India was 30 per 1000 live births. Signs and symptoms of sepsis are nonspecific; therefore empirical antimicrobial therapy is promptly initiated after obtaining appropriate cultures. The early manifestations of neonatal sepsis are vague and ill-defined. Novel approaches in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis include heart rate analysis on ECG, and colorimetric analysis of skin color. Although blood culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sepsis, culture reports are available only after 48-72 hours. In this era of multidrug resistance, it is mandatory to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics to treat non-infected infants. Thus, rapid diagnostic test(s) that include Interleukien-6 (IL-6), neutrophil CD64 index, procalcitonin and nucleated RBC count– and differentiate the infected infants from the non-infected, particularly in the early neonatal period– have the potential to make a significant impact on neonatal care. The aim of this review is to specify the diagnostic criteria, treatment guidelines, and a summary of recent diagnostic tests of sepsis, along with the preventive measures.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2012_a454e2e397a441f2c9dbf551403f4a79.pdf
2014-01-01
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10.22038/ijn.2013.2012
Clinical Features
Diagnosis
MDR Neonatal Sepsis
Neonatal sepsis
Prevention
Anjali
Kale
deepuamol@rediffmail.com
1
Department of Pediatrics , Mahatma Gandhi Mission Hospital Aurangabad, 431001, Aurangabad, India
AUTHOR
Deepali
jaybhaye
deepalijaybhaye@rediffmail.com
2
Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Hospital Aurangabad, 431001, Aurangabad, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vijay
Bonde
vijaybonde@rediffmail.com
3
Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Hospital Aurangabad, 431001, Aurangabad, India
AUTHOR
Klein JO. Bacteriology of neonatal sepsis. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 1990; 9:777–8.
1
Bang AT, Bang RA, Baitule SB, Reddy MH, Deshmukh MD. Effect of home-based neonatal care and management of sepsis on neonatal mortality: field trial in rural India. Lancet. 1999; 354(9194):1955-61.
2
Stoll BJ. The global impact of neonatal infection. Clin Perinatol. 1997; 24(1):1-21.
3
Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi. National Neonatal Perinatal Database. Report 2002-2003. NNPD Network. Available at http://www.newbornwhocc.org/pdf/nnpd_report_2002-03.PDF Accessed Jun, 2005.
4
Sankar MJ, Agarwal A, Deorari AK, Paul VK. Sepsis in the newborn. Indian J Pediatr. 2008;75(3):261-6.
5
Bizzarro MJ, Gallagher PG. Antibiotic-resistant organisms in the neonatal intensive care unit. Semin Perinatol. 2007;31(1):26–32
6
Kaftan H, Kinney JS. Early onset neonatal bacterial infections. Semin Perinatol. 1998; 22(1):15-24.
7
Belady PH, Farkouh LJ, Gibbs RS. Intra-amniotic infections and premature rupture of membranes. Clin Perinatol. 1997;24(1):43-57.
8
Aggarwal R, Sarkar N, Deorari AK, Paul VK. Sepsis in the newborn. Indian J Pediatr. 2001; 68(12):1143-7.
9
Baltimore RS. Neonatal nosocomial infection. Semin Perinatol 1998; 22(1):25-32.
10
Wolach B. Neonatal sepsis: pathogenesis and supportive therapy. Semin Perinatol.1997; 21(1):28-38.
11
Griffin MP, Lake DE, O'Shea TM, Moorman JR. Heart rate characteristics and clinical signs in neonatal sepsis. Pediatr Res. 2007; 61(2):222-7.
12
Kovatchev BP, Farhy LS, Cao H, Griffin MP, Lake DE, Moorman JR. Sample asymmetry analysis of heart rate characteristics with application to neonatal sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Pediatr Res.2003;54(6):892-8.
13
Garcia FG, Nager AL. Jaundice as an early diagnostic sign of urinary tract infection in infancy. Pediatrics. 2002;109(5):846-51.
14
De Felice C, Flori ML, Pellegrino M, Toti P, Stanghellini E, Molinu A, et al. Predictive value of skin color for illness severity in the high risk newborn. Pediatr Res. 2002; 51(1):100-5.
15
Moorman JR, Carlo WA, Kattwinkel J, Schelonka RL, Porcelli PJ, Navarrete CT, et al. Mortality reduction by heart rate characteristic monitoring in very low birth weight neonates: a randomized trial. J Pediatr. 2011;159(6):900–6.
16
Griffin MP, Moorman JR. Toward the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and sepsis-like illness using novel heart rate analysis. Pediatrics. 2001;107(1):97–104.
17
Polinski C. The value of the white blood cell count and differential count in the prediction of neonatal sepsis. Neonatal Netw. 1996;15(7):13-23.
18
Da Silva O, Ohlossan A, Kenyon C. Accuracy of leucocyte indices and C- reactive protein for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: a critical review. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1995; 14(5):362-6.
19
Manroe BL, Weinberg AG, Rosenfeld CR, Browne R. The neonatal blood count in health and disease. I. Refernce values for neutrophilic cells. J Pediatr. 1979; 95(1):89-98.
20
Mouzinho A, Rosenfeld CR, Sanchez PJ, Risser R. Revised reference ranges for circulating neutrophils in very-low-birth-weight neonates. Pediatrics. 1994; 94(1):76-82.
21
Sundaram V, Dutta S, Ahluwalia J, Narang A. Score for neonatal acute physiology II predicts mortality and persistent organ dysfunction in neonates with severe septicemia. Indian Pediatr. 2009; 46:775-80.
22
Paul V, Agrawal R. Neonatal sepsis. In: NNF Manual of Neonatal Care. 1st ed, Prism Books Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, 121-34.
23
Richard A, Polin, Elvira P, et al. Bacterial sepsis and meningitis. William T, Roberta A, Christine A very’s Disease of the Newborn, 8th ed 2005;551-77.
24
Khassawneh M, Hayajneh WA, Kofahi H, Khader Y, Amarin Z, Daoud A. Diagnostic markers for neonatal sepsis: comparing C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and immunoglobulin M. Scand J Immunol. 2007; 65(2):171-5.
25
Cetinkaya M, Ozkan H, Köksal N, S Çelebi MHI. Comparison of serum amyloid A concentrations with those of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin in diagnosis and follow-up of neonatal sepsis in premature infants. J Perinatol. 2008; 29(3):225-31.
26
Turner D, Hammerman C, Rudensky B, Schlesinger Y, Schimmel MS. The role of procalcitonin as a predictor of nosocomial sepsis in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr. 2006; 95(12):1571-6.
27
Bhandari V, Wang C, Rinder C, Rinder H. Hemat-ologic profile of sepsis in neonates: neutrophil CD64 as a diagnostic marker. Pediatrics. 2008; 121(1):129-34.
28
Turunen R, Nupponen I, Siitonen S, Repo H, Andersson S. Onset of mechanical ventilation is associated with rapid activation of circulating phagocytes in preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2006; 117(2):448-54.
29
Kennon C, Overturf G, Bessman S, Sierra E, Smith KJ, Brann B. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as a marker for bacterial infection in neonates. J Pediatr. 1996; 128(6):765-9.
30
Mehr S, Doyle LW. Cytokines as markers of bacterial sepsis in newborn infants: a review. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000; 19(9):879-87.
31
Gonzalez BE, Mercado CK, Johnson L, Brodsky NL, Bhandari V. Early markers of late-onset sepsis in premature neonates: clinical, hematological and cytokine profile. J Perinat Med. 2003; 31(1):60-8.
32
Silveria RC, Procianoy RS. Evaluation of interle-ukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interle-ukin-1beta for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Acta Paediatr. 1999; 88(6):647-50.
33
Dulay AT, Buhimschi IA, Zhao G, Luo G, Abdel-Razeq S, Cackovic M, et al. Nucleated red blood cells are a direct response to mediators of inflammation in newborns with early-onset neonatal sepsis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008; 198(4):426-e1.
34
Maiwald M. Broad-range PCR for the detection and identification of bacteria. Molecular microbiology: diagnostic principles and practice. 2nd ed. Washin-gton DC: American Society of Microbiology, 2004; 379-90.
35
Yadav AK, Wilson CG, Prasad PL, Menon PK. Polymerase chain reaction in rapid diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Indian Pediatr. 2005; 42(7):681-5.
36
Frayha HH, Kalloghlian, A. Gram-specific quanti-tative polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: implications for clinical practice. Crit Care Med. 2009;37(8):2487-8.
37
Straka M, Dela Cruz W, Blackmon C, Johnson O, Stassen S, Streitman D. Rapid detection of group B streptococcus and Escherichia coli in amniotic fluid using realtime realtime fluorescent PCR. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2004;12(3-4):109-14.
38
Kingsmore SF, Kennedy N, Halliday HL, Van Velkin-burgh JC, Zhong S, Gabriel V, et al. Identification of diagnostic biomarkers for Infection in premature neonates. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008; 7:1863-75.
39
Buhimschi CS, Bhandari V, Han Y, Dulay AT, Baumbusch MA, Madri JA, et al. Using proteomics in perinatal and neonatal sepsis: hopes and challenges for the future. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2009; 22(3):235-43.
40
Park KH, Yoon BH, Shim SS, Jun JK, Syn HC. Amniotic fluid tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a marker for the prediction of early-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm labor. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004; 58(2):84-90.
41
Chiesa C, Pellegrini G, Panero A, Osborn JF, Signore F, Assumma M, et al. C-reactive protein, interle-ukin-6, and procalcitonin in the immediate postnatal period: influence of illness severity, risk status, antenatal and perinatal complications, and infection. Clin Chem. 2003;49(1):60-8.
42
Gathwala G, Bala H. Colony stimulating factors as adjunctive therapy in neonatal sepsis. Indian J Pediatr. 2006; 73(5):393-4.
43
Bizzarro MJ, Gallagher PG. Antibiotic-resistant organisms in the neonatal intensive care unit. Semin Perinatol. 2007; 31(1):26–32.
44
Kocher S, Müller W, Resch B. Linezolid treatment of nosocomial bacterial infection with multiresistant Gram-positive pathogens in preterm infants: a systematic review. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010; 36(2):106–10.
45
Deville JG, Adler S, Azimi PH, Jantausch BA, Morfin MR, Beltran S, et al. Linezolid versus vancomycin in the treatment of known or suspected resistant gram-positive infections in neonates. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003; 22(suppl 9):S158–63.
46
Garazzino S, Tovo PA. Clinical experience with linezolid in infants and children. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011; 66(suppl 4):iv23–iv41.
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Steenbergen JN, Alder J, Thorne GM, Tally FP. Daptomycin: a lipopeptide antibiotic for the treatment of serious Gram-positive infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005; 55(3):283–8.
48
Hussain A, Kairamkonda V, Jenkins DR. Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in a neonate using daptomycin. J Med Microbiol. 2011;60(pt 3):381–3.
49
Vergnano S, Sharland M, Kazembe P, Mwansambo C, Heath PT. Neonatal sepsis: an international perspective. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2005;90(3):F220–4.
50
Leibovitz E. The use of fluoroquinolones in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2006;18(1):64–70
51
Adefurin A, Sammons H, Jacqz-Aigrain E, Choonara I. Ciprofloxacin safety in paediatrics: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child. 2011;96(9):874–80.
52
Kaguelidou F, Turner MA, Choonara I, Jacqz-Aigrain E. Ciprofloxacin use in neonates: a systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011;30(2):e29–37.
53
Jajoo M, Kumar V, Jain M, Kumari S, Manchanda V. Intravenous colistin administration in neonates. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011; 30(3):218–21.
54
Tamma PD, Lee CK. Use of colistin in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009; 28(6):534–5.
55
Shaw CK, Thapalial A, Shaw P, Malla K. Intravenous immunoglobulins and haematopoietic growth factors in the prevention and treatment of neonatal sepsis: ground reality or glorified myths? Int J Clin Pract. 2007; 61(3):482-7.
56
Carr R, Modi N, Dore C. G-CSF and GM-CSF for treating or preventing neonatal infection. Cochrane database syst Rev. 2003; (3):CD003066.
57
Mathur NB. Neonatal sepsis. Indian Pediatr.1996; 33:663-76.
58
Hasque E, Mohan P. Pentoxifylline for neonatal sepsis. Cochrane database syst rev. 2003; (4): CD004205
59
Healy CM, Baker CJ. Maternal immunization. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007; 26: 945–8.
60
Melin P. Neonatal group B streptococcal disease: from pathogenesis to preventive strategies. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17(9):1294–1303.
61
Bhutta ZA, Darmstadt GL, Hasan BS, Haws RA. Community-based interventions for improving perinatal and neonatal health outcomes in developing countries: a review of the evidence. Pediatrics. 2005; 115(2): 519–617.
62
McClure EM, Goldenberg RL, Brandes N, Darmstadt GL, Wright LL. The use of chlorhexidine to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in low-resource settings. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 97(2): 89–94.
63
Ohlsson A, Shah VS. Intrapartum antibioticsfor known maternal Group B streptococcal coloniza-tion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 8;(3):CD007467.
64
Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Khatry SK, Katz J, LeClerq SC, Shrestha S, et al. Topical applications of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2006; 367(9514): 910–8.
65
Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Tielsch JM. Safety and impact of chlorhexidine antisepsis interventions for improving neonatal health in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J.2006; 25(8):665–75.
66
Levy O. Innate immunity of the newborn: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Nat Rev Immunol. 2007; 7(5): 379–90.
67
Siegrist CA. Mechanisms by which maternal antibodies influence infant vaccine responses: review of hypotheses and definition of maindeter-minants. Vaccine. 2003;21(24):3406–12.
68
Bhandari N, Bahl R, Mazumdar S, Martines J, Black RE, Bhan MK. Effect of community-based promo-tion of exclusive breastfeeding on diarrhoeal illness and growth: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003; 361(9367): 1418–23.
69
Darlow BA, Graham PJ. Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; (4):CD000501.
70
Gogia S, Sachdev HS. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in infancy: systematic review of random-ized controlled trials. BMJ.2009; 338: b919.
71
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Improvement in Growth and Developmental Milestones with Nutritional Intervention in Methylmalonic Acidemia: A Case Report
Introduction: methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a metabolic disorder and especial nutritional support has an important role in improvement of growth and development in these patients. Case presentation: A 3-month old female infant with known MMA was admitted to emergency department of Dr Sheikh Children Hospital with primary diagnosis of pneumonia and sepsis .This patient was a full term baby; MMA was diagnosed at 3th day of her life after several episodes of tachypnea, lethargia, poor feeding and irritability. After patient was stabilized, she was referred to nutritional support team for specialized MMA medical nutritional therapy. The patient’s growth and development improved significantly after 2 months of follow up.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2013_a538aaa8e3a7174341283b7ed7f2d537.pdf
2014-01-01
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10.22038/ijn.2013.2013
Diet
methylmalonic acidemia
Nutrition
Marzie
Zilaee
1
Biochemistry and Nutrition Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Abdolreza
Norouzy
norouzya@mums.ac.ir
2
Biochemistry and Nutrition Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bahare
Imani
3
Department of Pediatrics, The Mashhad Dr.Sheikh Hospital, PICU section, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Khademi
4
Department of Pediatrics, The Mashhad Dr.Sheikh Hospital, PICU section, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Safarian
5
Biochemistry and Nutrition Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kliegman R. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19 th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders; 2011.
1
Reineking BA, Maraglino AC, Ueda K. Nutritional Management of Methylmalonic and Propionic Acidemia: Three Peritransplant Patients. Topics in Clinical Nutrition. 2009;24(4):347-58.
2
Kanaumi T, Takashima S, Hirose S, Kodama T, Iwasaki H. Neuropathology of methylmalonic acidemia in a child. Pediatric neurology. 2006; 34(2):156-9.
3
Morrow G, Schwarz RH, Hallock JA, Barness LA. Prenatal detection of methylmalonic acidemia. The Journal of Pediatrics. 1970; 77(1): 120-3.
4
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aplasia Cutis Congenita (ACC) and Seizure in a Premature Neonate: Could It Be a New Neurocutaneous Syndrome?
One of the few conditions associated with skin ulceration in the neonatal period is aplasia cutis congenita (ACC). ACC or congenital absence of the skin is considered an uncommon anomaly. This malformation commonly appears on the scalp as a solitary lesion, though it can be seen in other surfaces of the body such as the trunk, limbs and face. ACC can be associated with other physical anomalies such as defects of the heart, gastrointestinal system, genitor-urinary system, central nervous system, and also in association with umbilical hernia. There are very few reports of ACC and seizure as a prominent clinical manifestation. In this study, we present a premature neonate with ACC lesions on the right side of the nose, on the right hand and the foot, together with frequent seizures with onset within the initial hours of the birth. Laboratory testing and brain MRI of the patient revealed no significant results. This case may present a new group of ACC classification, or a new neurocutaneous syndrome.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_2014_1b1594e2df9d15a0a9b9ced708190e1c.pdf
2014-01-01
54
57
10.22038/ijn.2013.2014
Aplasia Cutis Congenita
Neurocutaneous Syndrome
Seizure
Alireza
Tavasoli
dralit73@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmoudreza
Ashrafi
2
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Mohammadi
3
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrdad Mirza
Rahimi
4
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
AUTHOR
Jafar
Khalafi
5
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
AUTHOR
Iljin A, Kruk-jeromin J. Aplasia cutic congenita. Adv Clin Med. 2010; 19(1):121-5.
1
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2
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3
Crowe M. Aplasia cutis congenita. 2006. Medscape. Available at: http://emedicine.com/derm/topi-c32.htm
4
Wu PC, Jiang JP, Wang CC, Chen SJ. A rare case of Aplasia cutis congenita with refractory seizures. Pediatr Neurol. 2008; 39:435-7.
5
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6
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7
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8
Iwayama H, Hosono H, Yamamoto H. Aplasia cutis congenita with skull defect in a monozygotic twin after exposure to methimazole in utero. Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology. 2007; 79(10): 680–4.
9
Izci M, Gonul M, Secer HI, Gönül E. Aplasia cutis congenita: A rare cutaneous sign of split cord malformations. International journal of dermatol-ogy. 2007; 46(10):1031-5.
10
Fagan LL, Harris PA. Sporadic Aplasia cutis congenita. Pediatr Surg Int. 2002; 18:454-7.
11
Benjamin LT, Trowers AB, Schachner LA. Giant Aplasia cutis congenita without associated anomalies. Pediatric Dermatology. 2004; 21(2): 150-3.
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