ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Significance of Serum Procalcitonin Level in the Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis
Background: Sepsis in neonates presents itself with non-specific clinical features which makes early diagnosis difficult. However, procalcitonin (PCT) and other inflammatory markers have recently been considered as sensitive markers for the early detection of neonatal sepsis. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of PCT in the early detection of neonatal sepsis and compare it with C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells count.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 neonates who were divided into two groups. The case or sepsis group consisted of 18 neonates with the clinical symptoms of sepsis and positive culture. On the other hand, the control group contained 22 healthy neonates with negative culture. Demographic characteristic of all the participants was recorded during the clinical follow-up. Moreover, blood samples were collected from each neonate for hematological analysis, blood culture, serum CRP measurement, and PCT analysis. Finally, all the collected data were statistically analyzed in SPSS software (version 17).Results: Based on the findings, the mean value of the procalcitonin level was significantly higher in the sepsis group (866.60±480.51 pg/ml), compared with that of the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the CRP was positive in 66.7% of sepsis patients and 22.7% of the control group (P=0.006). The procalcitonin level shows higher sensitivity (94%) than CRP (66%) with the same specificity but a higher positive and negative predictive value.Conclusion: Procalcitonin level was elevated in neonates with sepsis in comparison to normal neonates and it is more sensitive than CRP. The PCT could be used as a routine test for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis which also leads to a reduction in the use of antibiotics.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15712_4bb08aca945d3d6dc2f384d1f3201cd2.pdf
2020-08-01
1
6
10.22038/ijn.2020.42296.1702
C-reactive protein
diagnosis of sepsis
Neonatal sepsis
Procalcitonin
Raid
M. R. Umran
raidumran@yahoo.com
1
Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Najaf, Iraq
LEAD_AUTHOR
Jasim
M Hashim
jasimhasim2004@yahoo.com
2
Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Najaf, Iraq
AUTHOR
Husam
Jameel
husamjameel@yahoo.com
3
Pediatrics Department, Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Najaf, Iraq
AUTHOR
1. Osrin D, Vergnano S, Costello A. Serious bacterial
1
infections in newborn infants in developing countries. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2004; 17(3):217-24.
2
2. Afroza S. Neonatal sepsis--a global problem: an overview. Mymensingh Med J. 2006; 15(1):108‐14.
3
3. Naher BS, Mannan MA, Noor K, Shahiddullah M. Role of serum procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2011; 37(2):40-6.
4
4. Abdollahi A, Shoar S, Nayyeri F, Shariat M. Diagnostic value of simultaneous measurement of Procalcitonin, Interleukin-6 and hs-CRP in prediction of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2012; 4(1):e2012028.
5
5. Becker KL, Nylen ES, White JC, Muller B, Snider RH Jr. Procalcitonin and the calcitonin gene family of peptides in inflammation, infection, and sepsis: a journey from calcitonin back to its precursors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 89(4):1512-25.
6
6. Becker KL, Snider R, Nylen ES. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med. 2008; 36(3):941-52.
7
7. Becker KL, Snider R, Nylen ES. Procalcitonin in sepsis and systemic inflammation: a harmful biomarker and a therapeutic target. Br J Pharmacol. 2010; 159(2):253-64.
8
8. Brunkhorst FM, Heinz U, Forycki ZF. Kinetics of procalcitonin in iatrogenic sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 1998; 24(8):888-9.
9
9. Casado-Flores J, Blanco-Quiros A, Asensio J, Arranz E, Garrote JA, Nieto M. Serum procalcitonin in children with suspected sepsis: a comparison with C-reactive protein and neutrophil count. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2003; 4(2):190-5.
10
10. Reinhart K, Bauer M, Riedemann NC, Hartog CS. New approaches to sepsis: molecular diagnostics and biomarkers. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012; 25(4):609-34.
11
11. Harbarth S, Albrich WC, Muller B. When once is not enough-further evidence of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship. Crit Care. 2009; 13(4):165.
12
12. Enguix A, Rey C, Concha A, Medina A, Coto D, Diéguez MA. Comparison of procalcitonin with C-reactive protein and serum amyloid for the early diagnosis of bacterial sepsis in critically ill neonates and children. Intensive Care Med. 2001; 27(1):211-5.
13
13. Athhan F, Akagunduz B, Genel F, Bak M, Can D. Procalcitonin: a marker of neonatal sepsis. J Trop Pediatr. 2002; 48(1):10-4.
14
14. Gajewska E, Lachowska M. Usefulness of procalcitonin (PCT) as a marker of early-onsetsystemic infections in preterm newborns. Med Sci Monit. 2004; 10(2):33-5.
15
15. Adib M, Bakhshiani Z, Navaei F, Saheb Fosoul F, Fouladi S, Kazemzadeh H. Procalcitonin: a reliable marker for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2012; 15(2):777-82.
16
16. Zahed PY, Ahmadpour KM, Haji AM, Haghshenas M. Procalcitonin as a marker of neonatal sepsis. Iran J Pediatr. 2009; 19(2):117-22.
17
17. Carrol ED, Thomson AP, Hart CA. Procalcitonin as a
18
marker of sepsis. Int J Antimicrobe Agents. 2002; 20(1):1-9.
19
18. Gendrel D, Raymond J, Coste J, Moulin F, Lorrot M, Guérin S, et al. Comparison of procalcitonin with C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and interferon-alpha for differentiation of bacterial vs. viral infections. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1999; 18(10):875-81.
20
19. Vincent JL. Procalcitonin: the marker of sepsis? Crit Care Med. 2000; 28(4):1226-8.
21
20. Chan YL, Tseng CP, Tsay PK, Chang SS, Chiu TF, Chen JC. Procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial infection in the emergency department. Critic Care. 2004; 8(1):R12-20.
22
21. Chiesa C, Panero A, Rossi N, Stegagno M, De Giusti M, Osborn JF. Reliability of procalcitonin concentrations for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill neonates. Clin Infect Dis. 1998; 26(3):664‐72.
23
22. Andrejaitiene J. The diagnostic value in severe sepsis. Medicina (Kaunas). 2006; 42(1):69‐78.
24
23. Lapillonne A, Basson E, Monneret G, Bienvenu J, Salle BL. Lack of specificity of procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in premature infants. Lancet. 1998; 351(9110):1211‐2.
25
24. Monneret G, Labaune JM, Isaac C, Bienvenu F, Putet G, Bienvenu J. Procalcitonin and C‐reactive protein level in neonatal infections. Acta Paediatr. 1997; 86(2):209‐12.
26
25. Martin‐Denavit T, Monneret G, Labaune JM, Isaac C, Bienvenu F, Putet G, et al. Usefulness of
27
procalcitonin in neonates at risk for infection. Clin Chem. 1999; 45(3):440‐1.
28
26. Koksal N, Harmanci R, Getinkaya M, Hacimustafaoğlu M. Role of procalcitonin and CRP in diagnosis and follow up of neonatal sepsis. Turk J Pediatr. 2007; 49(1):21‐9.
29
27. Sakha K, Husseini MB, Seyyedsadri N. The role of the procalcitonin in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and correlation between procalcitonin and C-Reactive protein in the patients. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008; 11(14):1785-90.
30
28. Schuetz P, Müller B, Christ-Crain M, Stolz D, Tamm M, Bouadma L, et al. Procalcitonin to initiate or discontinue antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 9:CD007498.
31
29. Matthaiou DK, Ntani G, Kontogiorgi M, Poulakou G, Armaganidis A, Dimopoulos G. An ESICM systematic review and meta-analysis of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy algorithms in adult critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2012; 38(6):940-9.
32
30. Umran RM, Radhi NH. Diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin level in differentiating bacterial from nonbacterial meningitis in children. Iran J Pediatr. 2014; 24(6):739-44.
33
31. Afshari A, Harbarth S. Procalcitonin as diagnostic biomarker of sepsis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013; 13(5):382-4.
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Developmental Care on Preterm Neonates’ Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 12 Months of Age
Background: Premature birth and subsequent admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may impair the neurodevelopment of neonates. The present study aimed to determine the effect of developmental care on neurodevelopmental outcomes of newborns.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 105 premature neonates (in three groups of 35 newborns). The control group received conventional care, and the intervention group 1 received developmental care beginning since admission to NICU stay. In addition, the intervention group 2 received developmental care since entering the delivery or operating room. The developmental outcomes were evaluated based on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) and Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate the brain myelination at the adjusted age of 12 months.Results: The obtained findings showed that the frequency rates of communication and language impairment were significantly lower in the intervention group 2, compared to those reported for the control group and intervention group 1, based on the ASQ. The comparison of the scores of the Bayley subscales (i.e., cognition, language, and motor) showed that the frequency of language impairment was significantly higher in the control group, compared to those reported for the intervention group 1 (P=0.012) and intervention group 2 (P=0.024). No significant difference was observed in terms of the neonates’ brain myelination (P>0.05).Conclusion: The obtained results showed that developmental care, especially when initiated since birth, may improve some aspects of developmental outcomes in preterm newborns.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16267_01b8686a5b3bb9ca202720eb1423dfe7.pdf
2020-08-01
7
14
10.22038/ijn.2020.43769.1728
Development
Infant care
Outcome
premature infant
Elaheh
Ouladsahebmadarek
elmadarek33@gmail.com
1
Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Shirin
Hasanpour
shirinhasanpoor@yahoo.com
2
Women&#039;s Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Bagher
Hosseini
hosseini.neo@gmail.com
3
Pediatric Health Research Center of Tabriz, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojgan
Mirghafourvand
mirghafourvandm@tbzmed.ac.ir
4
Midwifery Department, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Seifollah
Heidarabadi
s-heidarabady@yahoo.com
5
Department of Pediatrics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad
Asghari Jafarabadi
m-asghari862@gmail.com
6
Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Maguire CM, Walther FJ, Sprij AJ, Le Cessie S, Wit JM, Veen S, et al. Effects of individualized developmental care in a randomized trial of preterm infants 2. Volpe JJ. Neurology of the newborn e-book. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2008.
1
3. Smith GC, Gutovich J, Smyser C, Pineda R, Newnham C, Tjoeng TH, et al. Neonatal intensive care unit stress is associated with brain development in preterm infants. Ann Neurol. 2011; 70(4):541-9.
2
4. Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC. Fanaroff and Martin's neonatal-perinatal medicine e-book: diseases of the fetus and infant. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2010.
3
5. Khan Z. Individualised developmental supportive care in the NICU. J Neonatal Nurs. 2003; 9(5):161-4.
4
6. Vandenberg KA. Individualized developmental care for high risk newborns in the NICU: a practice guideline. Early Hum Dev. 2007; 83(7):433-42.
5
7. Bastani F, Rajai N, Amini E, Haghani H, Janmohammadi S. The assessment of sleep and wake state of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and itś relation with demographic variables. Alborz Univ Med J.
6
2013; 2(1):1-6.
7
8. Als H, McAnulty GB. The newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program (NIDCAP) with kangaroo mother care (KMC): comprehensive care for preterm infants. Curr Womens Health Rev. 2011; 7(3):288-301.
8
9. Als H. A synactive model of neonatal behavioral organization: framework for the assessment of neurobehavioral development in the premature infant and for support of infants and parents in the neonatal intensive care environment. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 1986; 6(3-4):3-53.
9
10. Maguire CM, Veen S, Sprij AJ, Le Cessie S, Wit JM, Walther FJ, et al. Effects of basic developmental care on neonatal morbidity, neuromotor development, and growth at term age of infants who were born at 11. Moore T, Hennessy EM, Myles J, Johnson SJ, Draper ES, Costeloe KL, et al. Neurological and developmental outcome in extremely preterm children born in England in 1995 and 2006: the EPICure studies. BMJ. 2012; 345:e7961.
10
12. Sehgal A, Stack J. Developmentally supportive care and NIDCAP. Indian J Pediatr. 2006; 73(11):1007-10.
11
13. Kanagasabai PS, Mohan D, Lewis LE, Kamath A, Rao BK. Effect of multisensory stimulation on neuromotor development in preterm infants. Indian J Pediatr. 2013; 80(6):460-4.
12
14. Mirghafourvand M, Ouladsahebmadarek E, Hosseini M, Heidarabadi S, Asghari jafarabadi M, Hasanpour S. The effect of creating opportunities for parent empowerment program on parent's mental health: a systematic review. Iran J Pediatr. 2017; 27(2):e570.
13
15. Coughlin M, Gibbins S, Hoath S. Core measures for developmentally supportive care in neonatal intensive care units: theory, precedence and practice. J Adv Nurs. 2009; 65(10):2239-48.
14
16. Als H. NIDCAP: testing the effectiveness of a relationship-based comprehensive intervention. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(4):1208-10.
15
17. Sizun J, Westrup B. Early developmental care for preterm neonates: a call for more research. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004; 89(5):F384-8.
16
18. Montirosso R, Del Prete A, Bellù R, Tronick E, Borgatti R. Level of NICU quality of developmental care and neurobehavioral performance in very preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(5):e1129-37.
17
19. Als H, Duffy FH, McAnulty G, Butler SC, Lightbody L, Kosta S, et al. NIDCAP improves brain function and structure in preterm infants with severe intrauterine growth restriction. J Perinatol. 2012; 32(10):797-803.
18
20. Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Merkle U, Deufert D, Neubauer V, Peglow UP, Griesmaier E. Effect of developmental care for very premature infants on neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age. Infant Behav Dev. 2015; 39:166-72.
19
21. Wielenga JM, Smit BJ, Merkus MP, Kok JH. Individualized developmental care in a Dutch NICU: short‐term clinical outcome. Acta Paediatr. 2007;
20
96(10):1409-15.
21
22. Peters KL, Rosychuk RJ, Hendson L, Coté JJ, McPherson C, Tyebkhan JM. Improvement of short-and long-term outcomes for very low birth weight infants: Edmonton NIDCAP trial. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(4):1009-20.
22
23. McAnulty G, Duffy FH, Kosta S, Weisenfeld NI, Warfield SK, Butler SC, et al. School age effects of the newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program for medically low-risk preterm infants: preliminary findings. J Clin Neonatol. 2012; 1(4):184-94.
23
24. Jacobs SE, Sokol J, Ohlsson A. The newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program is not supported by meta-analyses of the data. J Pediatr. 2002; 140(6):699-706.
24
25. Ohlsson A. NIDCAP: new controversial evidence for its effectiveness. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(4):1213-5.
25
26. Hasanpour S, Ouladsahebmadarek E, Hosseini MB, Mirghafourvand M, Heidarabadi S, Jafarabadi MA. The effects of developmental care on short-term outcomes of preterm infants: a quasi-experimental study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2017; 19(9):e13799.
26
27. Vameghi R, Sajedi F, Mojembari AK, Habiollahi A, Lornezhad HR, Delavar B. Cross-cultural adaptation, validation and standardization of Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) in Iranian children. Iran J Public Health. 2013; 42(5):522.
27
28. Upadhyay A, Gothwal S, Parihar R, Garg A, Gupta A, Chawla D, et al. Effect of umbilical cord milking in term and near term infants: randomized control
28
trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 208(2):120.e1-6.
29
29. Yang MB, Donovan EF, Wagge JR. Race, gender, and clinical risk index for babies (CRIB) score as predictors of severe retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 2006; 10(3):253-61.
30
30. Azari N, Soleimani F, Vameghi R, Sajedi F, Shahshahani S, Karimi H, et al. A psychometric study of the Bayley scales of infant and toddler development in Persian language children. Iran J Child Neurol. 2017; 11(1):50-56.
31
31. Kleberg A, Westrup B, Stjernqvist K. Developmental outcome, child behaviour and mother–child interaction at 3 years of age following Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Intervention Program (NIDCAP) intervention. Early Hum Dev. 2000; 60(2):123-35.
32
32. Als H, Lawhon G, Duffy FH, McAnulty GB, Gibes-Grossman R, Blickman JG. Individualized developmental care for the very low-birth-weight preterm infant: medical and neurofunctional effects. JAMA. 1994; 272(11):853-8.
33
33. Feldman R, Rosenthal Z, Eidelman AI. Maternal-preterm skin-to-skin contact enhances child physiologic organization and cognitive control across the first 10 years of life. Biol Psychiatry. 2014; 75(1):56-64.
34
34. Almadhoob A, Ohlsson A. Sound reduction management in the neonatal intensive care unit for preterm or very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015; 1:CD010333.
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Percentile Charts of Neonatal Blood Pressure Values at a Tertiary Iranian Hospital
Background: Blood pressure (BP) is an important vital sign and indicator of clinical stability. Therefore, the accurate measurement and interpretation of this physiological signal is essential for the optimal management of ill newborns. In this regard, the present study aimed to determine BP values and percentiles in stable newborns in the first weeks of life and evaluate the relevant factors.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 320 term and preterm newborns between 26 and 42 weeks gestational age (GA) within 2015-2017. The exclusion criteria entailed: 1) birth asphyxia,2) preeclampsia, 3) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) type I, 4) illicit substance use, and 5) major congenital anomaly. The oscillometric technique was used for BP measurement and systolic and diastolic BPs were analyzed by regression analysis for various percentiles (5th to 95th).Results: The neonates in the current study consisted of 185 (57.8%) males and 135 (42.2%) females with mean (SD) birth weight of 2058.3±582.5grams. Mean (SD) gestational age was reported as 32.95(3.97) weeks. 69.1 % of neonates were delivered via cesarean section. Percentile charts (5th- 95th values) which were developed for systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) demonstrated a steady rise on the respective days that were comparable between different groups. Term neonates were found to have higher BPs, compared to their preterm counterparts on the respective days. Moreover, the neonates who were delivered vaginally had higher mean BP values than neonates delivered via cesarean section.Conclusion: The current study provided normative BP values among neonates, especially in the first two weeks of life. Data presented in this study which include delivery-mode-specific BP percentile curves using an oscillometric method serve as a valuable reference for physicians in the management of newborns in the neonatal unit.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16268_63e5ebc9a22bdcfe3505db2a934fcc8c.pdf
2020-08-01
15
23
10.22038/ijn.2020.42619.1708
blood pressure
Infant
Gestational Age
Newborn
Nomograms
Nasrin
Khalesi
nasrinkhalessi@yahoo.com
1
Ali-asghar Clinical Research Development Center (AACRDC), Aliasghar children hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Nakysa
Hooman
hooman.n@iums.ac.ir
2
Ali-asghar Clinical Research Development Center (AACRDC), Aliasghar children hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mandana
Kashaki
kashaki.m@iums.ac.ir
3
Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reyhane
Bayat
yd_dn_1998@yahoo.com
4
Ali-asghar Clinical Research Development Center (AACRDC), Aliasghar children hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Asma
Javid
asma66javid@yahoo.com
5
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
soraya
shojaee
shojaee.jesh@yahoo.com
6
MS in nursing of neonatal intensive care. Ali Asghar Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Iran University of Medical Sciences(IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Afshin
Safaeiasl
afshinsd@yahoo.com
7
Ali-asghar Clinical Research Development Center (AACRDC), Aliasghar children hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Soheila
Mahdavynia
mahdavynia.s@iums.ac.ir
8
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Hulman S, Edwards R, Chen YQ, Polansky M, Falkner B. Blood pressure patterns in the first three days of life. J Perinatol. 1991; 11(3):231-4.
1
2. Dasgupta SJ, Gill AB. Hypotension in the very low birthweight infant: the old, the new, and the uncertain. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003; 88(6):F450-4.
2
3. Skalina ME, Annable WL, Kliegman RM, Fanaroff AA. Hypertensive retinopathy in the newborn infant. J Pediatr. 1983; 103(5):781-6.
3
4. Cachat F, Bogaru A, Micheli JL, Lepori D, Guignard JP. Severe hypertension and massive proteinuria in a newborn with renal artery stenosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2004; 19(5):544-6.
4
5. Chen X, Wang Y. Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Circulation. 2008; 117(25):3171-80.
5
6. Kent AL, Meskell S, Falk MC, Shadbolt B. Normative blood pressure data in non-ventilated premature neonates from 28–36 weeks gestation. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009; 24(1):141-6.
6
7. Jones JE, Jose PA. Neonatal blood pressure regulation. Semin Perinatol. 2004; 28(2):141-8.
7
8. Hegyi T, Carbone MT, Anwar M, Ostfeld B, Hiatt M, Koons A, et al. Blood pressure ranges in premature infants. I. The first hours of life. J Pediatr. 1994; 124(4):627-33.
8
9. Cantinotti M, Giordano R, Scalese M, Molinaro S, Murzi B, Assanta N, et al. Strengths and limitations of current pediatric blood pressure nomograms: a global overview with a special emphasis on regional differences in neonates and infants. Hypertens Res. 2015; 38(9):577-87.
9
10. Park MK, Lee DH. Normative arm and calf blood pressure values in the newborn. Pediatrics. 1989; 83(2):240-3.
10
11. Sadoh WE, Ibhanesehbor SE, Monguno AM, Gubler DJ. Predictors of newborn systolic blood pressure. West Afr J Med. 2010; 29(2):86-90.
11
12. Alves JG, Vilarim JN, Figueiroa JN. Fetal influences on neonatal blood pressure. J Perinatol. 1999; 19(8 Pt 1):593-5.
12
13. Lee YH, Rosner B, Gould JB, Lowe EW, Kass EH. Familial aggregation of blood pressures of newborn infants and their mothers. Pediatrics. 1976; 58(5):722-9.
13
14. Versmold HT, Kitterman JA, Phibbs RH, Gregory GA, Tooley WH. Aortic blood pressure during the first 12 hours of life in infants with birth weight 610 to 4,220 grams. Pediatrics. 1981; 67(5):607-13.
14
15. Tan KL. Blood pressure in full-term healthy neonates. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1987; 26(1):21-4.
15
16. Nwokoye IC, Uleanya ND, Ibeziako NS, Ikefuna AN, Eze JC, Ibe JC. Blood pressure values in healthy term newborns at a tertiary health facility in Enugu, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2015; 18(5):584-8.
16
17. Sadoh WE, Ibhanesebhor SE. Oscillometric blood pressure reference values of African full-term neonates in their first days postpartum. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2009; 20(6):344-7.
17
18. Gemelli M, Manganaro R, Mami C, De Luca F. Longitudinal study of blood pressure during the 1st year of life. Eur J Pediatr. 1990; 149(5):318-20.
18
19. Holland WW, Young IM. Neonatal blood pressure in relation to maturity, mode of delivery, and condition at birth. Br Med J. 1956; 2(5005):1331-3.
19
20. Nascimento MC, Xavier CC, Goulart EM. Arterial blood pressure of term newborns during the first week of life. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002; 35(8):905-11.
20
21. Earley A, Fayers P, Ng S, Shinebourne EA, de Swiet M. Blood pressure in the first 6 weeks of life. Arch Dis Child. 1980; 55(10):755-7.
21
22. Salihoğlu Ö, Can E, Beşkardeş A, Koç BŞ, Tan İ, Can G, et al. Delivery room blood pressure percentiles of healthy, singleton, liveborn neonates. Pediatr Int. 2012; 54(2):182-9.
22
23. Kent AL, Kecskes Z, Shadbolt B, Falk MC. Blood pressure in the first year of life in healthy infants born at term. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007; 22(10):1743-9.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hydronephrosis Index as a New Method for the Evaluation and Follow-up of Fetal Hydronephrosis
Background: The present study was conducted to compare the efficiency of hydronephrosis index (HI) with those of pelvic anteroposterior (AP) diameter and parenchymal thickness in the diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis in the prenatal period, as well as 1, 6, and 12 months after birth. Methods: This study was conducted on pregnant women with the pregnancy age of > 30 weeks whose fetus was suspected of hydronephrosis. The study participants were collected via the consecutive sampling method. The HI, pelvic AP diameter, and parenchymal thickness were measured at the baseline and 1, 6, and 12 months after delivery using ultrasound. According to the study design, the study participants were divided into three groups. Group A consisted of cases with decreased HI and higher hydronephrosis severity. Group B was composed of subjects with relatively constant HI, and group C entailed individuals with increased HI and lower hydronephrosis severity. All of the study measurements and analyses were performed on the three study groups. Results: The results revealed a negative association between HI and pelvic AP diameter but a positive association with parenchymal thickness. On the other hand, HI showed a significant correlation with parenchymal thickness in the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of fetal hydronephrosis. Conclusion: The HI correlated with parenchymal thickness and pelvic AP diameter scores in all follow-up stages. Accordingly, HI can be concluded to be a good alternative to parenchymal thickness or pelvic AP diameter as a grading factor for hydronephrosis. It is suggested to perform further studies to carefully assess the efficiency of HI in the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical outcome of hydronephrosis.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16269_9e03882c60b9a8ea80e6ac8281b27674.pdf
2020-08-01
24
30
10.22038/ijn.2020.42978.1714
Anteroposterior pelvis diameter
Hydronephrosis Index
Parenchymal thickness
Prognosis
Farideh
Gharekhanloo
hosseiny.samane@gmail.com
1
Department of Radiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Belarmino JM, Kogan BA. Management of neonatal hydronephrosis. Early Hum Dev. 2006; 82(1):9-14. 2. Shapiro SR, Wahl EF, Silberstein MJ, Steinhardt G. Hydronephrosis index: a new method to track patients with hydronephrosis quantitatively. Urology. 2008; 72(3):536-8.
1
3. Sidhu G, Beyene J, Rosenblum ND. Outcome of isolated antenatal hydronephrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006; 21(2):218-24.
2
4. Zanetta VC, Rosman BM, Bromley B, Shipp TD, Chow JS, Campbell JB, et al. Variations in management of mild prenatal hydronephrosis among maternal-fetal medicine obstetricians, and pediatric urologists and radiologists. J Urol. 2012; 188(5):1935-9.
3
5. Hodhod A, Capolicchio JP, Jednak R, El-Sherif E, ElDoray Ael A, El-Sherbiny M. Evaluation of urinary tract dilation classification system for grading postnatal hydronephrosis. J Urol. 2016; 195(3): 725-30.
4
6. Venkatesan K, Green J, Shapiro SR, Steinhardt GF. Correlation of hydronephrosis index to society of fetal urology hydronephrosis scale. Adv Urol. 2009; 2009:960490.
5
7. Leung VY, Chu WC, Metreweli C. Hydronephrosis index: a better physiological reference in antenatal ultrasound for assessment of fetal hydronephrosis. J Pediatr. 2009; 154(1):116-20.
6
8. Hong YK, Lee JH, Hong YK, Lee JH. Evaluation and management of antenatal hydronephrosis. Child Kidney Dis. 2015; 19(1):8-13.
7
9. Grisoni ER, Gauderer MW, Wolfson RN, Izant RJ Jr. Antenatal ultrasonography: the experience in a high risk perinatal center. J Pediatr Surg. 1986; 21(4):358-61.
8
10. Zerin JM, Ritchey ML, Chang AC. Incidental vesicoureteral reflux in neonates with antenatally detected hydronephrosis and other renal abnormalities. Radiology. 1993; 187(1):157-60.
9
11. Fernbach SK, Maizels M, Conway JJ. Ultrasound grading of hydronephrosis: introduction to the system used by the Society for Fetal Urology. Pediatr Radiol. 1993; 23(6):478-80.
10
12. Koff SA, Campbell K. Nonoperative management of unilateral neonatal hydronephrosis. J Urol. 1992; 148(2 Pt 2):525-31.
11
13. Shapiro SR, Wahl EF, Silberstein MJ, Steinhardt G. Hydronephrosis index: a new method to track patients with hydronephrosis quantitatively. Urology. 2008; 72(3):536-8.
12
14. Cerrolaza JJ, Grisan E, Safdar N, Myers E, Jago J, Peters CA, et al. Quantification of kidneys from 3D ultrasound in pediatric hydronephrosis. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2015; 2015:157-60.
13
15. Wang J, Ying W, Tang D, Yang L, Liu D, Liu Y, et al. Prognostic value of three-dimensional ultrasound for fetal hydronephrosis. Exper Ther Med. 2015; 9(3):766-72.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Maternal Immune System Status on Neonate’s Immune System
Background: This study evaluated the effects of the maternal immune system stimulation or suppression during the pregnancy on the development of the neonate’s immune system.Methods: A total of 20 female rats were divided into four groups. The groups were treated using Leishmania major, Salmonella typhimurium, Tacrolimus, and sterilized normal saline. The animals were mated after 3-time treatments. The neonate’s humoral immune response, total body, thymus, liver, spleen weight, and histology were determined in this study.Results: The spleen’s mean weight of the two-month-old samples showed a significant reduction in the Salmonella group; in addition, the Tacrolimus group had a significant reduction in liver mean weight. The Salmonella and Tacrolimus groups showed a significant reduction (P≤0.05) in the anti-sheep red blood cells antibody titer.Conclusion: Stimulation or suppression of the immune responses during the pregnancy has significant effects on the neonate’s immune responses, spleen, liver, and thymus development.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15708_f6ddae5637b0fbf69c7ca3f66d6b091a.pdf
2020-08-01
31
37
10.22038/ijn.2020.41505.1682
Immune response
Maternal
neonate
Rat
Mohammad
Khosravi
m.khosravi@scu.ac.ir
1
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kaveh
Khazaeel
k.khazaeil@scu.ac.ir
2
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Khaksary Mahabady
mkhaksarymahabady@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz ,Iran. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Amin
Behmanesh
behmanesh.ma@yahoo.com
4
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Holladay SD, Sharova LV, Punareewattana K, Hrubec TC, Gogal RM Jr, Prater MR, et al. Maternal immune stimulation in mice decreases fetal malformations caused by teratogens. Int Immunopharmacol. 2002; 2(2-3):325-32.
1
2. Hodgson E, Mailman RB, Chambers JE. Dictionary of toxicology. New York: Macmillan; 1998. P. 450.
2
3. Svensson-Arvelund J, Ernerudh J, Buse E, Cline JM, Haeger JD, Dixon D, et al. The placenta in toxicology. Part II: systemic and local immune adaptations in pregnancy. Toxicol Pathol. 2014; 42(2):327-38.
3
4. Hsu P, Nanan R. Foetal immune programming: hormones, cytokines, microbes and regulatory T cells. J Reprod Immunol. 2014; 104-105:2-7.
4
5. Morelli S, Mandal M, Goldsmith LT, Kashani BN, Ponzio NM. The maternal immune system during pregnancy and its influence on fetal development. Res Rep Biol. 2015; 6:171-89.
5
6. King A. Uterine leukocytes and decidualization. Hum Reprod Update. 2000; 6(1):28-36.
6
7. Mor G, Cardenas I. The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010; 63(6):425-33.
7
8. Marques AH, OConnor TG, Roth C, Susser E, Bjorke-Monsen AL. The influence of maternal prenatal and early childhood nutrition and maternal prenatal stress on offspring immune system development and neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Neurosci. 2013; 7:120.
8
9. Brown AS, Begg MD, Gravenstein S, Schaefer CA, Wyatt RJ, Bresnahan M, et al. Serologic evidence of prenatal influenza in the etiology of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004; 61(8):774-80.
9
10. Bilbo SD, Schwarz JM. The immune system and developmental programming of brain and behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2012; 33(3):267-86.
10
11. Smith SE, Li J, Garbett K, Mirnics K, Patterson PH. Maternal immune activation alters fetal brain development through interleukin-6. J Neurosci. 2007; 27(40):10695-702.
11
12. Ponzio NM, Servatius R, Beck K, Marzouk A, Kreider T. Cytokine levels during pregnancy influence immunological profiles and neurobehavioral patterns of the offspring. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007; 1107:118-28.
12
13. Pashine A, John B, Rath S, George A, Bal V. Th1 dominan
13
ce in the immune response to live Salmonella typhimurium requires bacterial invasiveness but not persistence. Int Immunol. 1999; 11(4):481-9.
14
14. Okwor I, Liu D, Uzonna J. Qualitative differences in the early immune response to live and killed Leishmania major: Implications for vaccination strategies against Leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 2009; 27(19):2554-62.
15
15. Kainz A, Harabacz I, Cowlrick IS, Gadgil S, Hagiwara D. Analysis of 100 pregnancy outcomes in women treated systemically with tacrolimus. Transpl Int. 2000; 13(Suppl 1):S299-300.
16
16. Reyes TM, Coe CL. Prenatal manipulations reduce the proinflammatory response to a cytokine challenge in juvenile monkeys. Brain Res. 1997; 769(1):29-35.
17
17. Beloosesky R, Maravi N, Weiner Z, Khatib N, Awad N, Boles J, et al. Maternal lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation during pregnancy programs impaired offspring innate immune responses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 203(2):185.e1-4.
18
18. Coe CL, Kramer M, Kirschbaum C, Netter P, Fuchs E. Prenatal stress diminishes the cytokine response of leukocytes to endotoxin stimulation in juvenile rhesus monkeys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87(2):675-81.
19
19. Hodyl NA, Krivanek KM, Lawrence E, Clifton VL, Hodgson DM. Prenatal exposure to a pro-inflammatory stimulus causes delays in the development of the innate immune response to LPS in the offspring. J Neuroimmunol. 2007; 190(1-2):61-71.
20
20. Xiong F, Zhang L. Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in developmental programming of health and disease. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2012; 34(1):27-46.
21
21. Palmer AC. Nutritionally mediated programming of the developing immune system. Adv Nutr. 2011; 2(5):377-95.
22
22. Arsenescu R, Arsenescu V, de Villiers WJ. TNF-α and the development of the neonatal immune system: implications for inhibitor use in pregnancy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011; 106(4):559-62.
23
23. Svensson L, Arvola M, Sallstrom MA, Holmdahl R, Mattsson R. The Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 are not crucial for the completion of allogeneic pregnancy in mice. J Reprod Immunol. 2001; 51(1):3-7.
24
24. Fallon PG, Jolin HE, Smith P, Emson CL, Townsend
25
MJ, Fallon R, et al. IL-4 induces characteristic Th2 responses even in the combined absence of IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. Immunity. 2002; 17(1):7-17.
26
25. Gomez-Lopez N, StLouis D, Lehr MA, Sanchez-Rodriguez EN, Arenas-Hernandez M. Immune cells in term and preterm labor. Cell Mol Immunol. 2014; 11(6):571-81.
27
26. Mandal M, Marzouk AC, Donnelly R, Ponzio NM. Maternal immune stimulation during pregnancy affects adaptive immunity in offspring to promote development of TH17 cells. Brain Behav Immun. 2011; 25(5):863-71.
28
27. Zaretsky MV, Alexander JM, Byrd W, Bawdon RE. Transfer of inflammatory cytokines across the placenta. Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 103(3):546-50.
29
28. Lip SV, van der Graaf AM, Wiegman MJ, Scherjon SA, Boekschoten MV, Plosch T, et al. Experimental preeclampsia in rats affects vascular gene expression patterns. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1):14807.
30
29. Nuriel-Ohayon M, Neuman H, Koren O. Microbial changes during pregnancy, birth, and infancy. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7:1031.
31
30. Sharova LV, Sura P, Smith BJ, Gogal RM Jr, Sharov AA, Ward DL, et al. Non-specific stimulation of the maternal immune system. II. Effects on fetal gene expression. Teratology. 2000; 62(6):420-8.
32
31. Elledge RM, Lee WH. Life and death by p53. Bioassays. 1995; 17(11):923-30.
33
32. Carpentier PA, Palmer TD. Immune influence on adult neural stem cell regulation and function. Neuron. 2009; 64(1):79-92.
34
33. Yan WU. Impact of prenatal stress and adulthood stress on immune system: a review. Biomed Res. 2012; 23(3):315-20.
35
34. Suda T, Murray R, Fischer M, Yokota T, Zlotnik A. Tumor necrosis factor a and P40 induce day15 murine fetal thymocyte proliferation in combination with IL-2. J Immunol. 1990; 144(5):1783-7.
36
35. Wen L, Shinton SA, Hardy RR, Hayakawa K. Association of B-1 B cells with follicular dendritic cells in spleen. J Immunol. 2005; 174(11):6918-26.
37
36. Randall TD, Carragher DM, Rangel-Moreno J. Development of secondary lymphoid organs. Annu Rev Immunol. 2008; 26:627-50.
38
37. Jacob C, Hoab T, Karimiab K, Arckab PC. Fetal origin of chronic immune diseases: role of prenatal stress challenge. J Reprod Immunol. 2010; 86:91-2.
39
38. Nevers W, Pupco A, Koren G, Bozzo P. Safety of tacrolimus in pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2014; 60(10):905-6.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Blood, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Urine Samples in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran during 2013-15
Background: Infections are one of the most important causes of death in infants, especially in developing countries. Inappropriate use and administration of antibiotics can contribute to the resistance and spread of infection. In this study, we determined the antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria isolated from clinical samples of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran during 2013-2015.Methods: For the purposes of the study, clinical samples of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine were collected from the NICU of Ali Asghar Hospital during 2013-15. The type of bacterial strain and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by routine microbiological tests. The collected data were analysed in SPSS software (version 19), using χ2, Student’s t-test, and ANOVA test for comparison.Results: In total, 240 positive culture samples (118 blood, 117 urine, and 5 cerebrospinal fluid samples) were collected for this research. The most common isolates in the blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid samples were Staphylococcus epidermidis (63.6%), Klebsiella (35%), and Acinetobacter Baumannii (40%), respectively. The highest antibiotic resistance in S. epidermidis isolated from blood samples was found against amikacin and cefotaxime, while linezolid and vancomycin were the most effective antibiotics against S. epidermidis. Moreover, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin were the most effective antibiotics against Klebsiella isolated from urine samples, while this bacterial strain had the highest resistance to imipenem and ampicillin. Despite the fact that A. Baumannii strains were resistant to most studied antibiotics, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone had an acceptable antibacterial effect against these isolates.Conclusion: Continuous surveillance for antibiotic susceptibility, rational use of antibiotics, and the strategy of antibiotic cycling can provide some answers to the emerging problem of antibiotic resistance.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15707_3c2b5b071f371996993ed345a84032c2.pdf
2020-08-01
38
43
10.22038/ijn.2020.40856.1667
Antibiotic resistance
Infection
Neonates
NICU
Farhad
Abolhasan Choobdar
drchoobdar@gmail.com
1
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nastaran
khosravi Rostami
nastarankhosravi@yahoo.com
2
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Nasrin
Khalesi
khalesi.n@gmail.com
3
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Behzad
Haghighi Aski
haghighi_behzad@yahoo.com
4
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shirin
Behdadmehr
shirin_behdad_84@yahoo.com
5
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Safari
roombookred@gmail.com
6
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sara
Kalantar
sarakalantar67@gmail.com
7
Ali Asghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. World Health Organization. Neonatal and perinatal mortality country, regional and global estimates. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
1
2. Dear P. Infection in the newborn. In: Rennie JM, Rpberton NR, editors. Textbook of neonatology. 3rd ed. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1999. P. 1109-27.
2
3. Bizzarro MJ, Raskind C, Baltimore RS, Gallagher PG. Seventy-five years of neonatal sepsis at Yale: 1928-2003. Pediatrics. 2005; 116(3):595-602.
3
4. Hyde TB, Hilger TM, Reingold A, Farely MM, O'Brien KL, Schuchat A, et al. Trends in incidence and antimicrobial resistance of early-onset sepsis: population-based surveillance in San Francisco and Atlanta. Pediatrics. 2002; 110(4):690-5.
4
5. Stoll BJ, Gordon T, Korones SB, Shankaran S, Tyson JE, Bauer CR, et al. Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight neonates: a report from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. J Pediatr. 1996; 129(1):63-71.
5
6. Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, Wright LL, Carlo WA, Ehrenkranz RA, et al. Changes in pathogens causing early-onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347(4):240-7.
6
7. Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Sánchez PJ, Faix RG, Poindexter BB, Van Meurs KP, et al. Early onset neonatal sepsis: the burden of group B Streptococcal and E. coli disease continues. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(5):817-26.
7
8. Behrman RE, Vaughan III VC. Nelson textbook of pediatrics. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 2016.
8
9. Fanaroff AA, Korones SB, Wright LL, Verter J, Poland RL, Bauer CR, et al. Incidence, presenting features, risk factors and significance of late onset septicemia in very low birth weight infants. The national institute of child health and human development neonatal research network. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1998; 17(7):593-8.
9
10. Ramlakhan S, Singh V, Stone J, Ramtahal A. Clinical options for the treatment of urinary tract infections in children. Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2014; 8:31-7.
10
11. Brown RD, Campoli-Richards DM. Antimicrobial therapy in neonates, infants and children. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1989; 17(1):105-15.
11
12. Howard A, O’Donoghue M, Feeney A, Sleator RD. Acinetobacter baumannii: an emerging opportunistic pathogen. Virulence. 2012; 3(3):243-50.
12
13. Shrestha S, Adhikari N, Rai B, Shreepaili A. Antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial isolates in neonatal care unit. JNMA Nepal Med Assoc. 2010; 50(180): 277-81.
13
14. Rajabi Z, Soltan Dallal MM. Study on bacterial strains causing blood and urinary tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit and determination of
14
their antibiotic resistance pattern. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015; 8(8):e19654.
15
15. Fahmey SS. Early-onset sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit in Beni Suef, Egypt: bacterial isolates and antibiotic resistance pattern. Korean J Pediatr. 2013;56(8):332‐337.
16
16. Sorsa A, Früh J, Loraine S, Abdissa S. Blood culture result profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern: a report from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Asella teaching and referral hospital, Asella, south East Ethiopia. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019; 8:42.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Does the Umbilical Cord Nucleated Red Blood Cellcan Help Predict Intraventricular Hemorrhage?
Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is one of the most serious complications of premature deliveries, especially in very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns. The current study compared the number of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in newborns with and without IVH.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 109 VLBW neonates who were referred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Department of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. They were investigated to evaluate the predictive value of cord NRBC in the diagnosis of IVH. To this end, 77 neonates who had normal brain ultrasonographywere assigned to the control group and 32 newborns with IVH were allocated to the case group. The percentage of NRBC per 100 white blood cells was determined by a blood sample. These neonates underwent brain ultrasonography3-5 days after the birth; thereafter, mean NRBC/100 WBC and the absolute number of NRBC swere compared in both groups.Results: In the current study, the mean scores of NRBC/100 WBC and the absolute number of NRBCs in neonates with IVH were obtained as 15.19 and 2272.38/μl. In the group without IVH, these values were reported as 40.95% and 5459.17/μl, respectively (P>0.05). Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the NRBC value does not have a diagnostic value in predicting the incidence of IVH.Conclusion: As illustrated by the obtained results, the number of absolute NRBCs and the percentage of NRBC/100 WBC cannot help to predict the probability of neonatal IVH. Nonetheless, further studies are recommended in this regard.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15709_24e37989e22f798c61552ca1dc3a3f4c.pdf
2020-08-01
44
50
10.22038/ijn.2020.39859.1644
Brain ultrasonography
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Nucleated red blood cells
Premature Infants
Very low birth weight
Hassan
Boskabadi
boskabadih@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hadi
Sadeghian
sadeghianmh@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Hematopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Abroshan
z.abroshan71@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Sherlock RL, Anderson PJ, Doyle LW, Victorian infant collaborative study group. Neurodevelop-mental sequelae of intraventricular hemorrhage at 8 years of age in a regional cohort of ELBW/very preterm infants. Early Hum Dev. 2005;81(11): 909-16.
1
2. Abrishami M, Maemori G, Boskabadi H, Yaeghobi Z, MafiNejad S. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in mashhad, northeast. Iran RedCrescent Med J. 2013;15(3):229-33.
2
3. Schmid MB, Reister F, Mayer B, Hopfner RJ, Fuchs H, Hummler HD. Prospective risk factor monitoring reduces intracranial hemorrhage rates in preterm infants. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2013;110(29-30): 489-96.
3
4. Sarkar S, Bhagat I, Dechert R, Schumacher RE, Donn SM. Severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants: comparison of risk factors and short-term neonatal morbidities between grade 3 and grade 4 intraventricular hemorrhage. Am J Perinatol. 2009; 26(06):419-24.
4
5. Boskabadi H, Zakerihamidi M, faramarzi R. The vitamin D level in umbilical cord blood in premature infants with or without intra-ventricular hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2018;16(7):429-34.
5
6. Fanaroff AA, Martin RJ. Neonatal-perinatal medicine: diseases of the fetus and infant. Philadelphia:Mosby Elsevier; 2006. P.924-33.
6
7. Jain NJ, Kruse LK, Demissie K, Khandelwal M. Impact of mode of delivery on neonatalcomplications: trends between 1997 and 2005. J MaternFetal Neonatal Med. 2009;22(6):491-500.
7
8. Wilson-Costello D, Friedman H, Minich N, Fanaroff AA, Hack M. Improved survival rates with increasedneurodevelopmental disability for extremely low birth weight infants in the 1990s. Pediatrics. 2005;115(4):997-1003.
8
9. Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, Shankaran S, Laptook AR, Walsh MC, et al. Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from theNICHD Neonatal Research Network. Pediatrics. 2010; 126(3):443-56.
9
10. Poryo M, Boeckh JC, Gortner L, Zemlin M, Duppré P, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, et al. Ante-, peri- and postnatal factors associated with intraventricular hemorrhage in very premature infants. Early Hum Dev. 2017;116:1-8.
10
11. Linder N, Haskin O, Levit O, Klinger G, Prince T, Naor N, et al. Risk factors for intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight premature infants: a retrospective case-control study. Pediatrics. 2003; 111(5 Pt 1):590-5.
11
12. Badiee Z. Prevalence and risk factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newborns less than 35weeks in neonatal intensive care units
12
of Isfahan. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2007;24(83):15-23.
13
13. Khodapanahandeh F, Khosravi N, Larijani T. Risk factors for intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants in Tehran, Iran. Turk J Pediatr. 2008;50(3):247-52.
14
14. Boskabadi H, Zakerihamidi M, Sadeghian M, Avan A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA. Nucleated red blood cells count as a prognostic biomarker in predicting the complications of asphyxia in neonates. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017; 30(21):2551-6.
15
15. Hanion-Lundberg KM, Kirby RS, Gandhi S, Broekhuizen FF.Nucleated red blood cells in cord blood ofsingleton term neonates.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997; 176(6):1149-54.
16
16. Anderson GW. Studies on the nucleated red. Cell count inthechorionic capillaries and the cord blood of various ages of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1941; 42(1):1-14.
17
17. Akyol D, Hajdu C, Ferber A, O'reilly-Green C, Giancotti FR,Dorsett BH, et al. Fine-needle aspiration in the evaluation ofnucleated red blood cells in the human placenta. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003; 189(1):155-8.
18
18. Korst LM, Phelan JP, Ahn MO, Martin GI. Nucleated red bloodcells: an update on the marker for fetal asphyxia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996; 175(4 Pt 1):843-6.
19
19. Hermansen M. Nucleated red blood cells in the fetus and newborn.Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.2001;84(3):F211-5.
20
20. Baschat AA, Gungor S, Kush ML, Berg C, Gembruch U, Harman CR. Nucleated red blood cell counts in the first week of life: a critical appraisal of relationships with perinatal outcome in preterm growth-restricted neonates. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 197(3):286.e1-8.
21
21. Oski FA, Naiman JL. Hematologic problems in the newborn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 1982. P. 1-31.
22
22. Ferber A, Fridel Z, Weissmann-Brenner A, Minior VK, Divon MY.Are elevated fetal nucleated red blood cell counts an indirectreflection of enhanced erythropoietin activity? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 190(5):1473-5.
23
23. Huch R, Huch A. Maternal and fetal erythropoietin: physiological aspects and clinical significance. Ann Med.1993; 25(3):289-93.
24
24. Teramo K, Hiilesmaa VK, Schwartz R, Clemons GK, Widness JA. Amniotic fluid and cord plasma erythropoietin levels in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension and chronic hypertension. J Perinat Med. 2004; 32(3):240-7.
25
25. Doi S, Osada H, Seki K, Sekiya S. Relationship of amniotic fluid index and cord blood erythropoietin levels in small for and appropriate for gestational age fetuses. Obstet Gynecol.1999; 94(5 Pt 1): 768-72.
26
26. Baschat AA, Gembruch U, Reiss I, Gortner L, Harman CR. Neonatal nucleated red blood cell count and
27
postpartum complications in growth restricted fetuses. J Perinat Med. 2003;31(4):323-9.
28
27. Kil TH, Han JY, Kim JB, Ko GO, Lee YH, Kim KY, et al. A study on the measurement of the nucleated red blood cell (nRBC) count based on birth weight and its correlation with perinatal prognosis in infants
29
with very low birth weights. Korean J Pediatr. 2011;54(2):69-78.
30
28. Green DW, Hendon B, Mimouni FB. Nucleated erythrocytes and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates. Pediatrics. 1995;96(3):475-8.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Intestinal Colonization Rate of Candida albicans among Low Birth Weight Neonates after Using Oral Synbiotic Supplementation: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on the intestinal colonization rate of Candida albicans in low birth weight neonates (i.e., under 2,500 g), which is one of the most important events for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).Methods: During one year, 106 preterm neonates with a birth weight of less than 2,500 g, admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Imam Reza Hospital, affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, were randomly selected and investigated in two groups of case and control. In the case group, 5 drops of synbiotics (under the trade name of Pedilact in which 5 drops are equivalent to 2.5×108 CFU), containing three probiotics of Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus reuteri, as well as the prebiotic of fructooligosaccharide, were administered. On the other hand, 5 drops of distilled water were used for the control group. In the present single-blind study, the subjects were divided into two groups using a random number table. The stool cultures were obtained on the 1st and 10th days of admission. Then, the two groups were compared in terms of the amount of positive stool culture for Candida albicans, time of feeding initiation and full nutrition, duration of hospitalization, and time of discharge.Results: The incidence rate of positive stool culture for Candida albicans was 6.6%. A significant relationship was observed between gestational age and positive culture (P=0.009). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the duration of hospitalization, time of feeding initiation and full feeding, good physical examination results, and wellbeing. In addition, the relationship between positive culture and birth weight was statistically significant (P=0.045) since the rates of positive culture were 57.1% and 42.9% in cases with the birth weight of ≤ 1,500 and > 1,500 g, respectively.Conclusion: Based on the results, synbiotic use showed no significant relationship with enteral positive cultures for Candida albicans, time of enteral feeding initiation and full feeding, and hospitalization duration.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15710_e7ce15ac85c9dc8af6f282af054565c1.pdf
2020-08-01
51
56
10.22038/ijn.2020.40131.1651
Candida albicans
enteral colonization
Neonates
Synbiotic
Mazyar
Vakiliamini
mzvakilia@kums.ac.ir
1
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Homa
Babaei
homa_babaei@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Mohammadi
maryammohammadi@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Habibi
drrezahabibi@yahoo.com
4
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Hajar
Motamed
motamedhajar@gmail.com
5
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Polin R, Randis TM. Perinatal infections and chorioamnionitis. Fanaroff and Martin's neonatalperinatal medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020. P. 809-14.
1
2. Remington JS, Klein JO. Remington & Klein infection disease of the fetus & newborn infant. 8th ed.
2
Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2015. P. 1058-75.
3
3. MacDonald MG, Seshia MM. Avery's neonatology:pathophysiology and management of the newborn.
4
7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2015. P. 983.
5
4. Roy A, Chandhari J, Sankar D, Ghosh P, Chakraborty S. Role of enteric supplementation of probiotics on late-onset sepsis by Candida species in preterm low birth weight neonates: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. N Am J Med Sci. 2014;6(1):50-7.
6
5. AlFalah K, Anabrees J. Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Evid Based Child Health. 2014; 9(3):584-671
7
6. Benjamin DK, Stoll BJ, Gantz MG, Walsh MC, Sánchez PJ, Das A, et al. Neonatal candidiasis: epidemiology,risk factors, and clinical judgment. Pediatrics. 2010;126(4):e865-73.
8
7. Romeo MG, Romeo DG, Trovato L, Oliveri S,Palermo F, Cota F, et al. Role of probiotics in the presentation of the enteric colonization by candida in preterm newborn: incidence of late-onset sepsis
9
and neurological outcome. J Perinatol. 2011;31(1):63-9.
10
8. Steinbach WJ. Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in neonates and children. Clin Microbiol
11
Infect. 2010; 16(9):1321-7.
12
9. Zaoutis T. Candidemia in children. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010; 26(7):1761-8.
13
10. Agarwal RR, Agarwal RL, Chen X, Lua JL, Ang JY.Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at two
14
tertiary care neonatal intensive care units over a 12-year period (2000-2011). Global Pediatr Health.2017; 4:2333794X17696684.
15
11. Aliaga S, Clark RH, Laughon M, Walsh TJ, Hope WW,Benjamin Dk, et al. Changes in the incidence of candidiasis in neonatal intensive care units.Pediatrics. 2014; 133(2):236-42.
16
12. Manzoni P, Jacqz-Aigrain E, Rizzollo S, Franco C,Stronati M, Mostert M, et al. Antifungal prophylaxis in neonates. Early Hum Dev. 2011; 87:S59-60.
17
13. Oncel MY, Erdeve O, Dilmen U. Probiotics for necrotizing enterocolitis: not always a success story.
18
J Pediatr. 2014; 165(2):417.
19
14. Pammi M, Abrams SA. Oral lactoferrin for the prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in
20
preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;2:CD007137.
21
15. Vongbhavit K, Underwood MA. Prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis through manipulation of the intestinal microbiota of the premature infant. Clin Ther. 2016; 38(4):716-32.
22
16. Johnson-Henry KC, Abrahamsson TR, Wu RY, Sherman PM. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. Adv Nutr. 2016; 7(5):928-37.
23
17. Nandhini LP, Biswal N, Adhisivam B, Mandal J, Bhat BV, Mathai B. Synbiotics for decreasing incidence of
24
necrotizing enterocolitis among preterm neonates - a randomized controlled trial. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016; 29(5):821-5.
25
18. van den Nieuwboer M, Claassen E, Morelli L, Guarner F, Brummer RJ. Probiotic and synbiotic safety in infants under two years of age. Benef Microbes. 2014; 5(1):45-60.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Delivery Room Resuscitation with Different Levels and Its Related Factors in Preterm Neonates
Background: There are many known risk factors related to maternal or neonatal problems which can predict the need for resuscitation. In this study, we evaluated the resuscitation process of preterm neonates and analyzed the impact of different risk factors on the level of resuscitation required in the patients.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on inborn preterm infants with a birth weight of < 1500 g during one year. Moreover, the present study evaluated the resuscitation process of the delivery room and analyzed the association of maternal-neonatal risk factors and requirement for different levels of resuscitation.Results: In the present study, 193 preterm neonates were evaluated. In addition, 82 (42.5%) and 110 (57%) patients were female and male, respectively. The mean values of gestational age and birth weight of the patients were 29.9±2.4 weeks and 1191.6±265.2 g, respectively. The mode of delivery in 159 (82.4%) patients was cesarean section.In the assessment of different levels of resuscitation, 84 (43.5%), 35 (18.1%), 54 (28%), 10 (5.2%), 10 (5.2%), and 9 (4.7%) neonates needed initial steps, free flow of oxygen, positive pressure ventilation, endotracheal intubation, chest compression, and drug administration, respectively. The rate of neonatal mortality was 23.8% (n=46), and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy was recorded in 10 (21.7%) subjects. In the evaluation of mothers, 117 (60.6%) subjects had medical problems during pregnancy. The most common problem was preeclampsia in 44 (22.8%) mothers. The lower birth weight (P<0.001), gestational age (P<0.001), Apgar score (P<0.001), and longer duration of resuscitation had a significant effect on the needed level of resuscitation in neonates.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it was shown that premature neonates needed more advanced resuscitation. Therefore, improving the quality of care for mothers and neonates is necessary to obtain better outcomes. Regarding the need for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was the second most frequent intervention, the proper use of equipment is necessary for the prevention of advanced resuscitation.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15711_6fd6576c56a180abca54fa0b87cb79ff.pdf
2020-08-01
57
63
10.22038/ijn.2020.37500.1691
neonate
Neonatal resuscitation program guideline
Preterm
Resuscitation
Shahrzad
Tabatabaee
shahrzadtabatabai@gmail.com
1
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abolfazl
Afjeh
a.afjeh@gmail.com
2
Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mitra
Radfar
mrad1@yahoo.com
3
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Minoo
Fallahi
minoofallahi@yahoo.com
4
Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Müller EB, Zampieri MD. Divergences regarding the care of newborns in the obstetric center. Escola Anna Nery. 2014; 18(2):247-56.
1
2. Ogunlesi T. Mortality within the first 24 hours of admission among neonates aged less than 24 hours in a special care baby unit (SCBU) in Nigeria: the role of significant hypothermia and hypoglycemia. Iran J Neonatol. 2015; 6(1):1-7.
2
3. Glass HC, Costarino AT, Stayer SA, Brett C, Cladis F, Davis PJ. Outcomes for extremely premature infants. Anesth Analg. 2015; 120(6):1337.
3
4. Tehranian N, Ranjbar M, Shobeiri F. The prevalence and risk factors for preterm delivery in Tehran, Iran. J Midwifery Reprod Health. 2016; 4(2):600-4.
4
5. Patel A, Khatib MN, Kurhe K, Bhargava S, Bang A. Impact of neonatal resuscitation trainings on neonatal and perinatal mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2017; 1(1):e000183.
5
6. Delgado CA, Gómez Pomar EM, Velásquez P, Sánchez V, Shimabuku R, Huicho L, et al. Continuous training and certification in neonatal resuscitation in remote areas using a multi-platform information and communication technology intervention, compared to standard training: a randomized cluster trial study protocol. F1000 Res. 2017; 6:1599.
6
7. Maya-Enero S, Botet-Mussons F, Figueras-Aloy J, Izquierdo-Renau M, Thió M, Iriondo-Sanz M. Adherence to the neonatal resuscitation algorithm for preterm infants in a tertiary hospital in Spain. BMC Pediatr. 2018; 18(1):319.
7
8. -Wang MJ, Kuper SG, Steele R, Sievert RA, Tita AT, Harper LM. Outcomes of medically indicated preterm births differ by indication. Am J Perinatol. 2018; 35(8):758-63.
8
9. Sawyer T, Umoren RA, Gray MM. Neonatal resuscitation: advances in training and practice. Adv
9
Med Educ Pract. 2016; 8:11-9.
10
10. Raghuveer TS, Cox AJ. Neonatal resuscitation: an update. Am Fam Physician. 2011; 83(8):911-8.
11
11. Wyckoff MH, Aziz K, Escobedo MB, Kapadia VS, Kattwinkel J, Perlman JM, et al. Part 13: neonatal resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2015; 132(18 Suppl 2):S543-60.
12
12. Rezaeizadeh G, Nayeri F, Shariat M. A history of neonatal medicine in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2014; 17(12):855-61.
13
13. Perlman J. Delivery room resuscitation of extremely preterm infants. JAMA. 2019; 321(12):1161-2. 14. Afjeh SA, Sabzehei MK, Esmaili F. Neonatal resuscitation in the delivery room from a tertiary level hospital: risk factors and outcome. Iran J Pediatr. 2013; 23(6):675-80.
14
15. Abdel Razeq NM, Khader YS, Batieha AM. The incidence, risk factors, and mortality of preterm neonates: A prospective study from Jordan (2012-2013). Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 14(1):28-36.
15
16. Handley SC, Sun Y, Wyckoff MH, Lee HC. Outcomes of extremely preterm infants after delivery room cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a population-based cohort. J Perinatol. 2015; 35(5):379-83.
16
17. O'Driscoll DN, McGovern M, Greene CM, Molloy EJ. Gender disparities in preterm neonatal outcomes. Acta Paediatr. 2018; 107(9):1494-9.
17
18. Holzer I, Lehner R, Ristl R, Husslein PW, Berger A, Farr A. Effect of delivery mode on neonatal outcome among preterm infants: an observational study. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2017; 129(17-18):612-7.
18
19. Blue NR, Van Winden KR, Pathak B, Barton L, Opper N, Lane CJ, et al. Neonatal outcomes by mode of delivery in preterm birth. Am J Perinatol. 2015; 32(14):1292-7.
19
20. Bajaj M, Natarajan G, Shankaran S, Wyckoff M, Laptook AR, Bell EF, et al. Delivery room resuscitation and short-term outcomes in moderately preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2018; 195:33-8.
20
21. Risso SD, Nascimento LF. Risk factors for neonatal death in neonatal intensive care unit according to survival analysis. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2010; 22(1):19-26.
21
22. Ferreira CH, Carmona F, Martinez FE. Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes associated with pulmonary hemorrhage in newborns. J Pediatr. 2014; 90(2):316-22.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nesting on Extensor Motor Behaviors in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bedding preterm infants in nests on their motor behaviors in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Iran.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 44 clinically stable preterm infants, admitted to the NICU, were recruited and randomly divided into two groups of control and intervention. The routine of the unit was to take care of infants on a flat mattress. The intervention was a U-shaped cloth nest in which the intervention group was bedded for 7 days. The control group consisted of infants who were normally cared without any boundaries. All infants were videotaped before and on the last day of the intervention. The motor behaviors, as defined in the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) sheet, were analyzed in each of the films.Results: To compare the number of total extensor motor behaviors between the two groups, the change score in each group was calculated and compared between the two groups. The mean change scores in the intervention and control groups were -21.36±13.5 and 2.32±7.9, respectively. Accordingly, nesting significantly reduced the occurrence of unstable behaviors in the intervention group, compared to that in the control group (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the findings, supporting the preterm infant body even by accessible materials could enhance their neurodevelopmental strengths and motor behavior stabilities.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15713_8668bf64b53c7574d93b33b807a288b7.pdf
2020-08-01
64
70
10.22038/ijn.2020.42355.1703
Infants Behaviors
Intensive Care Units
Neonatal
Nesting
positioning
premature infant
Zahra
Eskandari
zeskandari87@yahoo.com
1
Ali Asghar Children’s Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Naiemeh
Seyedfatemi
nseyedfatemi@yahoo.com
2
Center for Nursing Care Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Haghani
haghani511@yahoo.com
3
School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Almasi-Hashiani
amiralmasi2007@gmail.com
4
Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Parisa
Mohagheghi
pmohagh@yahoo.com
5
School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Omani-Samani R, Mansournia MA, Almasi-Hashiani A, Sepidarkish M, Safiri S, Khedmati Morasae E, et al. Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in preterm deliveries in Tehran, Iran. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018; 140(1):87-92.
1
2. Omani-Samani R, Mansournia MA, Sepidarkish M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Safiri S, Vesali S, et al. Cross-sectional study of associations between prior spontaneous abortions and preterm delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018; 140(1):81-6.
2
3. Mohammadi M, Maroufizadeh S, Omani-Samani R, Almasi-Hashiani A, Amini P. The effect of prepregnancy body mass index on birth weight, preterm birth, cesarean section, and preeclampsia in pregnant women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019; 32(22):3818-23.
3
4. Palumbi R, Peschechera A, Margari M, Craig F, Cristella A, Petruzzelli MG, et al. Neurodevelo-
4
pmental and emotional-behavioral outcomes in late-preterm infants: an observational descriptive case study. BMC Pediatr. 2018; 18(1):318.
5
5. Vogel JP, Chawanpaiboon S, Moller AB, Watananirun K, Bonet M, Lumbiganon P. The global epidemiology of preterm birth. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018; 52:3-12.
6
6. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Oestergaard MZ, Chou D, Moller AB, Narwal R, et al. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications. Lancet. 2012; 379(9832):2162-72.
7
7. Chawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller AB, Lumbiganon P, Petzold M, Hogan D, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2019; 7(1):e37-46.
8
8. Blencowe H, Lee AC, Cousens S, Bahalim A, Narwal R, Zhong N, et al. Preterm birth–associated neurodevelopmental impairment estimates at regional and global levels for 2010. Pediatr Res. 2013; 74(Suppl 1):17-34.
9
9. Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Tomashek KM, Kotelchuck M, Barfield W, Weiss J, Evans S. Risk factors for neonatal morbidity and mortality among "healthy," late preterm newborns. Semin Perinatol. 2006; 30(2):54-60.
10
10. Juvé-Udina ME, Fabrellas-Padrés N, Delgado-Hito P, Hurtado-Pardos B, Martí-Cavallé M, Gironès-Nogué M, et al. Newborn physiological immaturity: a concept analysis. Adv Neonatal Care. 2015; 15(2):86-93.
11
11. Raju TN. Moderately preterm, late preterm and early term infants: research needs. Clin Perinatol. 2013; 40(4):791-7.
12
12. Rather GN, Jan M, Rafiq W, Gattoo I, Hussain SQ, Latief M. Morbidity and mortality pattern in late preterm infants at a tertiary care hospital in Jammu & Kashmir, Northern India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9(12):SC01-4.
13
13. Engle WA. Infants born late preterm: definition, physiologic and metabolic immaturity, and outcomes. Neo Rev. 2009; 10(6):e280-6.
14
14. Zeitlin J, Szamotulska K, Drewniak N, Mohangoo A, Chalmers J, Sakkeus L, et al. Preterm birth time trends in Europe: a study of 19 countries. BJOG. 2013; 120(11):1356-65.
15
15. Liu L, Johnson HL, Cousens S, Perin J, Scott S, Lawn JE, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. Lancet. 2012; 379(9832):2151-61.
16
16. Lawn JE, Kerber K, Enweronu-Laryea C, Cousens S. 3.6 million neonatal deaths--what is progressing and what is not? Semin Perinatol. 2010; 34(6): 371-86.
17
17. Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J; Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team. 4 million neonatal deaths: when? Where? Why? Lancet. 2005; 365(9462):891-900.
18
18. Curtis WJ, Lindeke LL, Georgieff MK, Nelson CA. Neurobehavioural functioning in neonatal intensive care unit graduates in late childhood and early adolescence. Brain. 2002; 125(Pt 7):1646-59.
19
19. Hack M, Taylor HG, Schluchter M, Andreias L, Drotar D, Klein N. Behavioral outcomes of extremely low birth weight children at age 8 years. J Dev Behav Pediatri. 2009; 30(2):122-30.
20
20. Moreira RS, Magalhaes LC, Alves CR. Effect of preterm birth on motor development, behavior, and school performance of school-age children: a systematic review. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2014; 90(2): 119-34.
21
21. Als H. Newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program (NIDCAP): new frontier for neonatal and perinatal medicine. J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2009; 2(3):135-47.
22
22. Kleberg A, Warren I, Norman E, Morelius E, Berg AC, Mat-Ali E, et al. Lower stress responses after Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program care during eye screening examinations for retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized study. Pediatrics. 2008; 121(5): e1267-78.
23
23. Symington A, Pinelli J. Developmental care for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006; 2:Cd001814.
24
24. Cone S, Pickler RH, Grap MJ, McGrath J, Wiley PM. Endotracheal suctioning in preterm infants using four-handed versus routine care. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2013; 42(1):92-104.
25
25. Ferrari F, Bertoncelli N, Gallo C, Roversi MF, Guerra MP, Ranzi A, et al. Posture and movement in healthy preterm infants in supine position in and outside the nest. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2007; 92(5):F386-90.
26
26. Monterosso L, Kristjanson LJ, Cole J, Evans SF. Effect of postural supports on neuromotor function in very preterm infants to term equivalent age. J Paediatr Child Health. 2003; 39(3):197-205.
27
27. Als H, Duffy FH, McAnulty GB, Rivkin MJ, Vajapeyam S, Mulkern RV, et al. Early experience alters brain function and structure. Pediatrics. 2004; 113(4): 846-57.
28
28. Als H, Lawhon G, Duffy FH, McAnulty GB, Gibes-Grossman R, Blickman JG. Individualized developmental care for the very low-birth-weight preterm infant. Medical and neurofunctional effects. JAMA. 1994; 272(11):853-8.
29
29. Blauw-Hospers CH, Hadders-Algra M. A systematic review of the effects of early intervention on motor development. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2005; 47(6):421-32.
30
30. Grenier IR, Bigsby R, Vergara ER, Lester BM. Comparison of motor self-regulatory and stress behaviors of preterm infants across body positions. Am J Occup Ther. 2003; 57(3):289-97.
31
31. Razavi Nejad M, Heidarzadeh M, Mohagheghi P, Akrami F, Almasi-Hashiani A, Eskandary Z. Assessment of physical environment of Iran’s
32
neonatal tertiary care centers from the perspective of the neonatal individualized developmental care. Iran J Neonatol. 2017; 8(4):20-5.
33
32. Als H, Gilkerson L, Duffy FH, McAnulty GB, Buehler DM, Vandenberg K, et al. A three-center, randomized, controlled trial of individualized developmental care for very low birth weight preterm infants: medical, neurodevelopmental, parenting, and caregiving effects. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2003; 24(6):399-408.
34
33. Als H. Manual for the naturalistic observation of newborn behavior: newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program (NIDCAP). Boston: Harvard Medical School; 1995.
35
34. Jarus T, Bart O, Rabinovich G, Sadeh A, Bloch L, Dolfin T, et al. Effects of prone and supine positions on sleep state and stress responses in preterm infants. Infant Behav Dev. 2011; 34(2):257-63.
36
35. Holsti L, Grunau RE, Oberlander TF, Whitfield MF. Specific Newborn Individualized Developmental
37
Care and Assessment Program movements are associated with acute pain in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatrics. 2004; 114(1):65-72.
38
36. Madlinger-Lewis L, Reynolds L, Zarem C, Crapnell T, Inder T, Pineda R. The effects of alternative positioning on preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized clinical trial. Res Dev Disabil. 2014; 35(2):490-7.
39
37. Nakano H, Kihara H, Nakano J, Konishi Y. The influence of positioning on spontaneous movements of preterm infants. J Phys Ther Sci. 2010; 22(3): 337-44.
40
38. Maguire CM, Veen S, Sprij AJ, Le Cessie S, Wit JM, Walther FJ. Effects of basic developmental care on neonatal morbidity, neuromotor development, and growth at term age of infants who were born at
41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
First-trimester Combined Screening for Trisomies 21, 18, and 13 by Three Closed Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Analyzers (an Experiment on Iranian Pregnant Women)
Background: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG) as valuable biochemical biomarkers are used to screen down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, and Patau syndrome in the first trimester of pregnancy. Closed immunoassay analyzers are regarded as sophisticated platforms to measure biochemical biomarkers. This study compared the performance of three chemiluminescence analyzers when used for combined screening.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 371 pregnant women within the age range of 20-47 years during 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of pregnancy referring to Dena laboratory in Tehran, Iran, during July 2018 and August 2018 using random selection. The biochemical biomarkers of PAPP-A and free β-hCG were assayed on Cobas, Immulite, and Maglumi analyzers. Benetech software as a commercial screening software was used to calculate the risks of trisomy 21 (T21), trisomy 18 (T18), and trisomy 13 (T13). Deming regression, nonparametric spearman analysis, analysis of variance, and Chi-square test were performed to analyze the data.Results: For the screening population, although the three systems well correlated to PAPP-A and free β-hCG, the values of Maglumi were slightly higher than those reported for Cobas and Immulite. The multiples of the median (MoM) of PAPP-A and free β-hCG had a significant correlation on three platforms. There were no significant differences between the calculated risks of T21, T18, and T13 on the three systems. The sensitivity for all systems was reported as 50%. In addition, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) were higher than 99% and 95%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was reported as less than 50%.Conclusion: The obtained results of the present study demonstrated that there were significant correlations between three different systems in terms of PAPP-A and free β-hCG values and MoMs. The sensitivity of all systems for all trisomies was 50%; however, the specificity of all systems was almost the same. The best PPV and NPV for T21 were on Cobas, Immulite, and Maglumi, respectively. The PPV and NPV of all systems for T18/13 were almost the same.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16277_1c2cd9b6d0ee0091f1ebdae0d95c00d6.pdf
2020-08-01
71
79
10.22038/ijn.2020.46170.1777
Chorionic Gonadotropin
First pregnancy trimester
Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
Risk Assessment
Milad
Dolatkhah
milad.dolatkhah@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shokoofeh
Noori
dr.shokoofehnoori@gmail.com
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ramezan-Ali
Khavari-Nejad
ra.khavarinejad@gmail.com
3
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Marjan
Rahnamaye Farzami
dr.miladdolatkhah@gmail.com
4
Reference Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Spencer K. Second trimester prenatal screening for Down's syndrome using alpha‐fetoprotein and free beta hCG: a seven year review. BJOG. 1999;
1
106(12):1287-93.
2
2. Spencer K, Aitken D. Factors affecting women's preference for type of prenatal screening test for chromosomal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 24(7):735-9.
3
3. Spencer K, Macri JN. Early detection of Down's syndrome using free beta human choriogonadotropin. Ann Clin Biochem. 1992; 29(3):349-50.
4
4. Spencer K. Aneuploidy screening in the first trimester. Am J Med Genet Part C. 2007; 145(1):18-32.
5
5. Bonno M, Oxvig C, Kephart GM, Wagner JM, Kristensen T, Sottrup-Jensen L, et al. Localization of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and colocalization of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A messenger ribonucleic acid and eosinophil granule major basic protein messenger ribonucleic acid in placenta. Lab Invest. 1994; 71(4):560-6.
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6. Oxvig C, Sand O, Kristensen T, Gleich GJ, Sottrup-Jensen L. Circulating human pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A is disulfide-bridged to the proform of eosinophil major basic protein. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268(17):12243-6.
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7. Tabor A, Alfirevic Z. Update on procedure-related risks for prenatal diagnosis techniques. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2010; 27(1):1-7.
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8. Ekelund CK, Jørgensen FS, Petersen OB, Sundberg K, Tabor A. Impact of a new national screening policy for Down’s syndrome in Denmark: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2008; 337:a2547.
9
9. Ekelund CK, Petersen OB, Skibsted L, Kjærgaard S, Vogel I, Tabor A, et al. First‐trimester screening for trisomy 21 in Denmark: implications for detection and birth rates of trisomy 18 and trisomy 13. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 38(2):140-4.
10
10. Spencer K, Spencer CE, Power M, Moakes A, Nicolaides KH. One stop clinic for assessment of risk for fetal anomalies: a report of the first year of prospective screening for chromosomal anomalies in the first trimester. BJOG. 2000; 107(10):1271-5.
11
11. Bindra R, Heath V, Liao A, Spencer K, Nicolaides KH. One‐stop clinic for assessment of risk for trisomy 21 at 11–14 weeks: a prospective study of 15 030 pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2002; 20(3):219-25.
12
12. Spencer K, Spencer CE, Power M, Dawson C, Nicolaides KH. Screening for chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester using ultrasound and maternal serum biochemistry in a one‐stop clinic: a review of three years prospective experience. BJOG. 2003; 110(3):281-6.
13
13. Rossier MF, Beloeil N, Hediger-Bonfantini J, Dahoun S, Stricker R, Dayer E, et al. Validation of the Cobas/Ssdw system for trisomy 21 screening in the
14
first trimester of pregnancy: Comparison with the Kryptor/FastScreen combination. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2012; 50(5):1-19.
15
14. Tørring N, Aulesa C, Eiben B, Ferri MJ, Nicolaides KH, Ortiz JU, et al. Performance characteristics of Elecsys free βhCG and PAPP-A for first trimester trisomy 21 risk assessment in gestational weeks 8+ 0 to 14+ 0. Lab Med. 2016; 40(1):21-9.
16
15. Engell AE, Carlsson ER, Jørgensen FS, Sørensen S. Comparison of two immunoassay systems for hCGβ and PAPP-A in prenatal screening for trisomy 21, 18, and 13 in the first trimester. Pract Lab Med. 2017; 9:18-23.
17
16. Malone FD, Canick JA, Ball RH, Nyberg DA, Comstock CH, Bukowski R, et al. First-trimester or second-trimester screening, or both, for Down's syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353(19):2001-11.
18
17. Snijders R, Thom E, Zachary J, Platt L, Greene N, Jackson L, et al. First‐trimester trisomy screening: nuchal translucency measurement training and quality assurance to correct and unify technique. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2002; 19(4):353-9.
19
18. Spencer K. First trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome: an evaluation of the DPC Immulite 2000 free β-hCG and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A assays. Ann Clin Biochem. 2005; 42(Pt 1):30-40.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Disease Outcome and Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia
Background: Neonatal period is a susceptible time in which the newborn has to adapt to a new environment and is vulnerable to many problems. This study aimed to assess the disease outcome and associated factors among neonates.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15, 2018, to March 30, 2018, on neonates (n=341) admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for two years. The systematic sampling technique was employed to perform the sampling. The data were entered the Epi-data (version 3.1) and analyzed in SPSS software (version 23). A p-value less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered statistically significant. Finally, statements, tables, charts, and graphs were used for data presentation.Results: Regarding the outcome, 81.52% of the admitted neonates were improved and the others (18.48%) died. Prematurity and perinatal asphyxia (PNA) were factors associated with increased risk of death (P<0.001, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =0.26, 95% CI: [0.14, 0.46]) and (P<0.05, AOR=0.44, 95% CI: [0.21, 0.91]), respectively.Conclusion: Prematurity, PNA, and place of delivery (i.e., outborn) were predictors of death. Therefore, the adequate resource should be put in place to improve neonatal outcomes.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15748_70a851750cefb5e92f70968b6dbbd95a.pdf
2020-08-01
80
85
10.22038/ijn.2020.44317.1733
Association
neonate
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Outcome
Ebissa
Bayana
ebisabayana@ymail.com
1
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Debela
Gela
debegela@gmail.com
2
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
AUTHOR
Tigistu
Gebreyohannis
tgebreyohannis@yahoo.com
3
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
AUTHOR
1. Waldemar A. Overview of mortality and morbidity.
1
20th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2016.
2
2. Baghel B, Sahu A, Vishwanadham K. Pattern of admission and outcome of neonates in a NICU of Tribal Region Bastar, India. Congen Anomal. 2016; 2(6):147-50.
3
3. Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, Lawn JE, Rudan I, Bassani DG, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2010; 375(9730):1969-87.
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4. Registrar General. Annual family health survey: sample, registration system, New Delhi. India: Registrar General; 2011.
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5. Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, et al. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ. 2010; 88:31-8.
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6. Lawn JE, Gravett MG, Nunes TM, Rubens CE, Stanton C; GAPPS Review Group. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (1 of 7): definitions, description of the burden and opportunities to improve data. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2010; 10(Suppl 1):S1.
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7. Ike Elizabeth U, Modupe OO. Pattern of diseases and care outcomes of neonates admitted in special care baby unit of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from 2007 to 2011. J Nurs Health Sci. 2015; 4(1):62-71.
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8. Belizán JM, McClure EM, Goudar SS, Pasha O, Esamai F, Patel A, et al. Neonatal death in low-to middle-income countries: a global network study. Am J Perinatol. 2012; 29(8):649-56.
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9. Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Oza S, You D, Lee AC, Waiswa P, et al. Every Newborn: progress, priorities, and potential beyond survival. Lancet. 2014; 384(9938): 189-205.
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10. UNICEF. Maternal, newborn and child survival, country profile. Ethiopia, statistics and monitoring section/policy and practice. New York: UNICEF; 2012.
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11. Requejo J, Bryce J, Victora C, Deixel A, Barros A, Bhutta Z. Fulfilling the health agenda for women and children: the 2014 report. Geneva: United Nations Children’s Fund and World Health Organization; 2014.
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12. Oza S, Lawn JE, Hogan DR, Mathers C, Cousens SN. Neonatal cause-of-death estimates for the early and late neonatal periods for 194 countries: 2000–2013. Bull World Health Organ. 2014; 93:19-28.
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13. Osborn D, Cutter A, Ullah F. Universal sustainable development goals. Understanding the transfor-mational challenge for developed countries. London: Stakeholder Forum for a Sustainable Future; 2015.
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14. Ganatra H, Zaidi K. Neonatal infections in the developing world. Semin Perinatol. 2010; 34(6):416.
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15. Darmstadt GL, Kinney MV, Chopra M, Cousens S, Kak L, Paul VK, et al. Who has been caring for the baby? Lancet. 2014; 384(9938):174-88.
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16. Walana W, Acquah Ekuban KS, Abdul-Mumin A, Naafu B, Aruk E. Pattern, causes and treatment outcomes of neonatal admission in the Tamale
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teaching hospital. Clin Mother Child Health. 2016; 13(252):2.
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17. Ali SR, Ahmed S, Lohana H. Disease patterns and outcomes of neonatal admissions at a secondary care hospital in Pakistan. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013; 13(3):424-8.
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18. Hoque M, Haaq S, Islam R. Causes of neonatal admissions and deaths at a rural hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. South Afr J Epidemiol Infect. 2011; 26(1):26-9.
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19. Tekleab AM, Amaru GM, Tefera YA. Reasons for admission and neonatal outcome in the neonatal care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Addis Ababa: a prospective study. Res Rep Neonatol. 2016; 6:17-23.
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20. Mihaylova A, Uchicova E, Parahuleva N, Parahuleva M. Prevention of hyaline membrane disease (HMD)
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in preterm infants. World J Pharmacy Pharm Sci. 2016; 5:9-16.
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21. Sivasubramaniam PG, Quinn CE, Blevins M, Al Hajajra A, Khuri-Bulos N, Faouri S, et al. Neonatal outcomes of infants admitted to a large government hospital in Amman, Jordan. Global J Health Sci. 2015; 7(4):217.
24
22. Koum D, Essomba N, Odile N, Ngwe I, Ndanga M, Ndombo PK, et al. Factors associated with early neonatal morbidity and mortality in an urban district hospital. Int J Latest Res Sci Technol. 2015; 5(3):9-43.
25
23. Siva Saranappa SB, Madhu GN, Singh R. A study of disease pattern and outcome of newborns admitted to NICU in a tertiary care hospital. J Evolut Med Dent Sci. 2014; 3(5):1113-9.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Correlation of Ultrasonographic Measurement of Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index with Central Venous Pressure in Diagnosis and Management of Neonatal Shock
Background: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)Conventionally, Central Venous Pressure (CVP) monitoring has beenused by intensivists to measure intravascular volume. However, it is an invasive procedure resulting in many complications. Non-invasive ultrasonographic measurement of inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVC-CI) is a promising alternative. Therefore, this study wasconducted to evaluate the correlation of central venous pressure with IVC-CIand establish the cut off valuesfor IVC-CI to diagnose and manage neonatal shock.Methods: The current research was a prospective longitudinal study.All sick neonates requiring intensive hemodynamic monitoring were enrolled in the study and umbilical vein catheterization was performedto measure CVP. IVC diameters and IVC-CI were measured using ultrasound. Based on CVP, the patients were classified into three categories: hypovolemic (CVP8 cmH2O) and managed with intravenous fluid boluses and/or inotropes, accordingly. CVP and IVC-CI were again recorded after the intervention and compared with the previous values.Results: A total of 76(62.3%) males and 46 (37.7%) females were included in the study with a mean age of 27.16±17.5 years. There was a strong negative correlation,which was statistically significant, between CVP and IVC-CI (r= -0.913, n=122, P<0.001). After luid resuscitation in the hypovolemic group, CVP improved from 2.31±0.92 to 5.88±1.79 cmH2O and IVC-CI changed from 62.39±6.005 to 33.02±2.64% which was statistically signi icant(P<0.001). After the administration of inotropes in the hypervolemic group, CVP dropped from 10.86±9.07 to 9.07±1.85cmH2O and IVC-CI changed from 11.27±4.71 to 24.3±13.3% which was again statistically signi icant(P<0.001). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the IVC-CI cut-off of 55% predicted CVP 8 cmH2O with 91.1% sensitivity, 83.2% speci icity, 71.8% positive predictive value and 50.6% negative predictive value.Conclusion: The obtained results revealed an inverse correlation between CVP and IVC-CI, and it was concluded that IVC-CI can provide a useful guide in the diagnosis and management of shock in sick newborns.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16271_4a03a21c09ff4ed849c2a1051415c922.pdf
2020-08-01
86
91
10.22038/ijn.2020.44748.1743
Central venous pressure(CVP)
management
Neonates
Shock
Ultrasound
Yashwant
Kumar Rao
ykraoneo@yahoo.co.in
1
Department of Pediatrics, G.S.V.M Medical College, Kanpur
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sunisha
Arora
sunisha@gmail.com
2
Department of Pediatrics, G.S.V.M Medical College, Kanpur
AUTHOR
Tanu
Midha
tanumidha2001@gmail.com
3
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Government Medical College, Kannauj
AUTHOR
Neeraj
Rao
neerajrao@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatrics, G.S.V.M Medical College, Kanpur
AUTHOR
1. Gleason CA, Devaskar SU. Avery’s diseases of the newborn. 9th еd. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2012.
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2. Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BM.Nelson textbook of pediatrics e-book. New York:
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Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016.
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3. Cloherty JP, Eichenwald EC, Stark AR. Manual of neonatal care. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &
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Wilkins; 2012.
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4. McIntyre LA, Hebert PC, Fergusson D, Cook DJ, Aziz A. A survey of Canadian intensivists’ resuscitation
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practices in early septic shock. Crit Care. 2007;11(4): R74
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5. Ilyas A, Ishtiaq W, Assad S, Ghazanfar H, Mansoor S, Haris M,et al. Correlation of IVC diameter and
8
collapsibility index with central venous pressure in the assessment of intravascular volume in critically
9
Ill patients. Cureus.2017; 9(2):e1025.
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6. Muqloo M M, Malik S, Rubeena A Echocardiographic Inferior Vena Cava Measurement As An Alternative to Central Venous Pressure Measurement in Neonates. Indian J Pediatr. 2017 Oct;84(10):751-
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7. Babaie S, Behzad A, Mohammadpour M, Reisi M. A Comparison between the Bedside Sonographic
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Measurements of the Inferior Vena Cava Indices and the Central Venous Pressure While Assessing theDecreased Intravascular Volume in Children.AdvBiomed Res 2018;7:97
13
8. Lwanga SK, Lemeshow S, World Health Organization. Sample size determination in health studies: a practical manual. Geneva: World HealthOrganization; 1991
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9. Thanakitcharu P, Charoenwut M, Siriwiwatanakul N. Inferior vena cava diameter and collapsibility index:a practical non-invasive evaluation of intravascular fluid volume in critically-ill patients.J Med Assoc Thai.2013;96(Suppl 3):S14-22.
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10. Nagdev AD, Merchant RC, Tirado-Gonzalez A, Sisson CA, Murphy MC. Emergency department bedside
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ultrasonographic measurement of the caval index for noninvasive determination of low central venous
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pressure.Ann Emerg Med.2010;55(3):290-5.
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11. Iwamoto Y, Tamai A, Kohno K, Masutani S, Okada N, Senzaki H. Usefulness of respiratory variation of
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inferior vena cava diameter for estimation of elevated central venous pressure in children with cardiovascular disease.Circ J.2011;75(5):1209-14.
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12. Garg M, Sen J, Goyal S, Chaudhry D. Comparative evaluation of central venous pressure and
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sonographic inferior vena cava variability in assessing fluid responsiveness in septic shock.Indian J Crit Care Med. 2016;20(12):708-13
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13. Sato Y, Kawataki M, Hirakawa A, Toyoshima K, Kato T, Itani Y, et al.The diameter of theinferior vena cava provides a noninvasive way of calculating central venous pressure in neonates. Acta Paediatr.
23
2013;102(6):e241-6.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Transfusion on the Extension of IVH in Preterm Neonates
Background: Today, preterm birth is well known as the major risk factor for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). In the first week of life, some preterm infants may have grade 1 IVH extending to severe (grade 3 or 4) IVH by transfusion one or more units. Several previous studies have found that blood and blood product transfusions lead to adverse clinical outcomes in neonates. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and extension of IVH in preterm infants.Methods: For the purposes of the study, an observational retrospective case-control design was utilized. Moreover, all the neonates with grade 1 IVH in our referral hospital were identified in the past 5 years. Afterward, the subjects with extended IVH were compared with those who had resolved IVH.Results: In total, 1050, 36, and 24 neonates were diagnosed with grade 1, grade 3, and grade 4 IVH, respectively. The mean values of the birth weight of extended IVH and resolved IVH groups were 1285±615 g and 1361±348 g, respectively (P=0.05). Moreover, extended IVH and resolved IVH groups were 29±3 weeks and 30±2 weeks premature, respectively (P=0.36). The low 5-minute Apgar scores of the extended IVH and resolved IVH groups were 5±2 and 7±2, respectively (P=0.000). In addition, the low cord pH of the extended IVH and resolved IVH groups were 7.29±0.1 and 7.37±0.1, respectively (P=0.005). Administration of packed RBC transfusion before and on the day of the diagnosis of grade 1 IVH had the most significant relationship with the extension of IVH (IR, 10.602; 95% CI, 2.81-39.92). The obtained results confirmed that criteria to order the transfusions were similar in both groups, based on which they did not have any proportion of the transfusions of compliance with the guidelines.Conclusion: Based on the results, there was a great association between restrictive RBC transfusion and extension of a low-grade IVH into a higher grade (3 or 4) IVH. However, the statistical explanation is unclear and more studies are needed to discover the causality of this relationship.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16272_2967e95e950da6727ce739abac3c300d.pdf
2020-08-01
92
99
10.22038/ijn.2020.43670.1726
Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Infant
Low birth weight
neonate
Transfusion
Ali Reza
Jashni Motlagh
aj_motlagh@yahoo.com
1
Kamali Clinical Research and Developmental Unit, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Azamolmolouk
Elsagh
a_elsagh@abzums.ac.ir
2
Faculty of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Mazouri A, Massahi M, Khalesi N, Kashaki M. Investigation of the relationship between umbilical cord pH and intraventricular hemorrhage of infants delivered preterm. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2019; 65(5):647-56.
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2. Ballabh P. Intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: mechanism of disease. Pediatr Res. 2010;
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67(1):1-8.
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3. Ballabh P, Braun A, Nedergaard M. Anatomic analysis of blood vessels in germinal matrix, cerebral cortex, and white matter in developing infants. Pediatr Res. 2004; 56(1):117-24.
4
4. Papile LA, Burstein J, Burstein R, Koffler H. Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage: a study of infants with birth weights less than 1,500 gm. J Pediatr. 1978; 92(4):529-34.
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5. Van Bel F, Vaes J, Groenendaal F. Prevention, reduction and repair of brain injury of the preterm infant. Front Physiol. 2019; 10:181.
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6. Luu TM, Ment LR, Schneider KC, Katz KH, Allan WC, Vohr BR. Lasting effects of preterm birth and neonatal brain hemorrhage at 12 years of age. Pediatrics. 2009; 123(3):1037-44.
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7. Romantsik O, Calevo MG, Bruschettini M. Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; 7:CD012362.
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8. Huang J, Meng J, Choonara I, Xiong T, Wang Y, Wang H, et al. Antenatal infection and intraventricular
9
hemorrhage in preterm infants: a meta-analysis. Medicine. 2019; 98(31):e16665.
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9. Christensen RD. Associations between “early” red blood cell transfusion and severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and between “late” red blood cell transfusion and necrotizing enterocolitis. Semin Perinatol. 2012; 36(4):283-9.
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10. Lee JY, Kim HS, Jung E, Kim ES, Shim GH, Lee HJ, et al. Risk factors for periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. J Korean Med Sci. 2010; 25(3):418-24.
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11. Vela-Huerta M, Amador-Licona M, Medina-Ovando N, Aldana-Valenzuela C. Factors associated with early severe intraventricular haemorrhage in very low birth weight infants. Neuropediatrics. 2009; 40(5):224-7.
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12. O'Leary H, Gregas MC, Limperopoulos C, Zaretskaya I, Bassan H, Soul JS, et al. Elevated cerebral pressure passivity is associated with prematurity-related intracranial hemorrhage. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(1): 302-9.
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13. Neary E, Ainle FV, El‐Khuffash A, Cotter M, Kirkham C, McCallion N. Plasma transfusion to prevent intraventricular haemorrhage in very preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016; 2016(9):CD012341.
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14. Aladangady N, Asamoah F, Banerjee J. Blood transfusion and short term outcomes in premature infants. E-PAS. 2014; 2014:41132522014.
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15. New HV, Berryman J, Bolton‐Maggs PH, Cantwell C, Chalmers EA, Davies T, et al. Guidelines on transfusion for fetuses, neonates and older children. Br J Haematol. 2016; 175(5):784-828.
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16. Wang YC, Chan OW, Chiang MC, Yang PH, Chu SM, Hsu JF, et al. Red blood cell transfusion and clinical outcomes in extremely low birth weight preterm infants. Pediatr Neonatol. 2017; 58(3):216-22.
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17. Mohamed A, Shah PS. Transfusion associated necrotizing enterocolitis: a meta-analysis of observational data. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(3):529-40.
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18. Collard KJ. Transfusion related morbidity in premature babies: Possible mechanisms and implications for practice. World J Clin Pediatr. 2014; 3(3):19-29.
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19. Bassan H. Intracranial hemorrhage in the preterm infant: understanding it, preventing it. Clin Perinatol. 2009; 36(4):737-62.
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21. Baer VL, Lambert DK, Henry E, Snow GL, Butler A, Christensen RD. Among very‐low‐birth‐weight neonates is red blood cell transfusion an independent risk factor for subsequently developing a severe intraventricular hemorrhage? Transfusion. 2011; 51(6):1170-8.
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23. Dos Santos A, Guinsburg R, Procianoy RS, Sadeck
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Ldos S, Netto AA, Rugolo LM, et al. Variability on red blood cell transfusion practices among Brazilian neonatal intensive care units. Transfusion. 2010; 50(1):150-9.
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31. Christensen RD, Baer VL, Lambert DK, Ilstrup SJ, Eggert LD, Henry E. Association, among very‐low‐birthweight neonates, between red blood cell transfusions in the week after birth and severe intraventricular hemorrhage. Transfusion. 2014; 54(1):104-8.
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32. Christensen RD, Baer VL, Del Vecchio A, Henry E. Unique risks of red blood cell transfusions in very-low-birth-weight neonates: associations between early transfusion and intraventricular hemorrhage and between late transfusion and necrotizing enterocolitis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013; 26(Suppl 2):60-3.
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33. Portugal CA, de Paiva AP, Freire ES, Chaoubah A, Duarte MC, Hallack Neto AE. Transfusion practices in a neonatal intensive care unit in a city in Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2014; 36(4):245-9.
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35. Chirico G. Red blood cell transfusion in preterm neonates: current perspectives. Int J Clin Transfusion Med. 2014; 2:21-8.
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41. Chen HL, Tseng HI, Lu CC, Yang SN, Fan HC, Yang RC. Effect of blood transfusions on the outcome of very low body weight preterm infants under two different transfusion criteria. Pediatr Neonatol.
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2009; 50(3):110-6.
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42. Mukhopadhyay K, Sekhar Ghosh P, Narang A, Dogra M. Cut off level for RBC transfusion in sick preterm neonates. Pediatric Research. Baltimore: International Pediatric Research Foundation Inc; 2004.
46
43. Valieva OA, Strandjord TP, Mayock DE, Juul SE. Effects of transfusions in extremely low birth weight infants: a retrospective study. J Pediatr. 2009; 155(3):331-7.e1.
47
44. Rabe H, Diaz-Rossello JL, Duley L, Dowswell T. Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth on maternal and infant outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 8:CD003248.
48
45. Fergusson DA, Hébert P, Hogan DL, LeBel L, Rouvinez-Bouali N, Smyth JA, et al. Effect of fresh red blood cell transfusions on clinical outcomes in premature, very low-birth-weight infants: the ARIPI randomized trial. JAMA. 2012; 308(14): 1443-51.
49
46. Ward RA, Brier ME. Retrospective analyses of large medical databases what do they tell us? J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999; 10(2):429-32.
50
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Refining the Definition of BPD: Characterization of Intercurrent Episodes
Background: The main definitions of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), proposed by Jobe-Bancalari, Shennan et al., and Walsh et al., focus on oxygen (O2)-need and ventilatory support for the first weeks of life and at 36 weeks of post-menstrual age (PMA). Oxygen need at 36 weeks of PMA is sometimes due to intercurrent episodes (IEs) other than BPD. The aim of this retrospective study was to characterize IEs and determine their impact on BPD in preterm infants born at < 32 weeks of gestation.Methods: O2-dependence for > 28 days and at 36 weeks of PMA (±10 days) was analyzed. We classified each infant according to the three BPD definitions. Patients requiring O2 or ventilator support at 36 weeks of PMA, with no need for O2 in the first 28 days of life, were qualified for having IEs if their O2/ventilator dependence (at 36 weeks) had a limited duration and/or could be ascribed to a known condition. Then, the contribution of IEs to the BPD rate was evaluated.Results: Out of 1,210 patients, the BPD infants were 431 (35.6%), 169 (14.0%), and 186 (15.4%) according to Jobe-Bancalari, Shennan et al., and Walsh et al., respectively. Twenty-eight patients had IEs (16.6% of those on O2 at 36 weeks of PMA) indicating a mild BPD overestimation (P=0.065).Conclusion: We proposed a definition of IEs and found that IEs could lead to a potential BPD overestimation. Further research is needed to find out if patients with IE, similarly to infants with BPD, are prone to childhood complications and need preventive measures.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16273_72545f0b3467a1913cee3d329a95371d.pdf
2020-08-01
100
103
10.22038/ijn.2020.44390.1735
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
chronic lung disease
Diagnosis
Infant
oxygen
Premature
Stefano
Nobile
stefano.nobile@ospedaliriuniti.marche.it
1
Department of Mother and Child Health, Salesi Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy Neonatal Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
LEAD_AUTHOR
Paolo
Marchionni
p.marchionni@univpm.it
2
Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
AUTHOR
Virgilio
P Carnielli
v.carnielli@univpm.it
3
Department of Mother and Child Health, Salesi Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy
AUTHOR
1. Jobe AH, Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respirat Crit Care Med. 2001; 163(7):1723-9.
1
2. Latini G, De Felice C, Giannuzzi R, Del Vecchio A. Survival rate and prevalence of bronchopulmonary
2
dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants. Early Hum Dev. 2013; 89(Suppl 1):S69-73.
3
3. Nobile S, Marchionni P, Vento G, Vendettuoli V, Marabini C, Lio A, et al. New insights on early patterns of respiratory disease among extremely low gestational age newborns. Neonatology. 2017; 112(1):53-9.
4
4. Nobile S, Marchionni P, Carnielli VP. Neonatal outcome of small for gestational age preterm infants. Eur J Pediatr. 2017; 176(8):1083-8.
5
5. Walsh MC, Yao Q, Gettner P, Hale E, Collins M, Hensman A, et al. Impact of a physiologic definition on bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates. Pediatrics. 2004; 114(5):1305-11.
6
6. Jobe AH, Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001; 163(7):1723-9.
7
7. Shennan AT, Dunn MS, Ohlsson A, Lennox K, Hoskins EM. Abnormal pulmonary outcomes in premature infants: prediction from oxygen requirement in the neonatal period. Pediatrics. 1988; 82(4):527-32.
8
8. Nobile S, Marchionni P, Gidiucci C, Correani A, Palazzi ML, Spagnoli C, et al. Oxygen saturation/ FIO2 ratio at 36 weeks’ PMA in 1,005 preterm infants: effect of gestational age and early respiratory disease patterns. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2019; 54(5):637-43.
9
9. Palta M, Sadek-Badawi M, Sheehy M, Albanese A, Weinstein M, McGuinness G, et al. Respiratory symptoms at age 8 years in a cohort of very low birth weight children. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 154(6):521-9.
10
10. Gerhardt T, Hehre D, Feller R, Reifenberg L, Bancalari E. Serial determination of pulmonary function in infants with chronic lung disease. J Pediatr. 1987; 110(3):448-56.
11
11. Allen J, Zwerdling R, Ehrenkranz R, Gaultier C, Geggel R, Greenough A, et al. Statement on the care of the child with chronic lung disease of infancy and childhood. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 168(3):356-96.
12
12. Baraldi E, Carraro S, Filippone M. Broncho-pulmonary dysplasia: definitions and long-term respiratory outcome. Early Hum Dev. 2009; 85(10 Suppl):S1-3.
13
13. Committee on Infectious Diseases. From the American Academy of Pediatrics: Policy statements--Modified recommendations for use of palivizumab for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(6):1694-701.
14
14. Nobile S, Gnocchini F, Pantanetti M, Battistini P, Carnielli VP: The importance of oxygen control reaffirmed: experience of ROP reduction at a single tertiary-care NICU. J Pediatr Ophtalmol Strab. 2014; 51(2):112-5.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Association between Neonatal Phototherapy and Cancer during Childhood
Background: Phototherapy is the most effective and commonly used treatment for neonatal jaundice, which reduces the need to exchange transfusion. Today, phototherapy is widely used even in unnecessary cases; however, clinicians who use phototherapy should be aware of the possible adverse effects of this treatment to avoid unnecessary use of it. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between neonatal phototherapy and childhood cancer.Methods: This case-control study assessed 500 children up to 14 years of age with every kind of cancer that referred to Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran, during 2015-18. Moreover, 500 children without cancer referring to a General Clinic of Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran were included in this study as the control group. History of phototherapy and its duration evaluated in these two groups. Furthermore, demographic characteristics, including maternal age during pregnancy, birth weight, gender, smoking by father, type of cancer, age at cancer detection, and history of cancer in relatives were recorded in this study.Results: The results of a single-variable logistic regression showed that neonatal phototherapy without any other variables was not significantly correlated with childhood cancer. However, phototherapy will increase the risk of cancer by 55% when it is accompanied by the male gender, maternal age >35 years during pregnancy, and smoking by father.Conclusion: The potential risk of developing cancer with neonatal phototherapy should be considered versus its benefits in reducing the bilirubin.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16274_23b14d1f4f8221f4740cc6e00621e199.pdf
2020-08-01
104
108
10.22038/ijn.2020.42623.1709
Cancer
Child
Phototherapy
Maliheh
Kadivar
kadivarm@tums.ac.ir
1
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Razieh
Sangsari
raz3532@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Maryam
Saeedi
m_saidi52@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shadi
Ghasemi Tehrani
drsadi.gtf@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Dennery PA, Seidman DS, Stevenson DK. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. NEngl J Med. 2001;344(8): 581-90.
1
2. Bhutani VK. For a safer outcome with newborn jaundice. Indian Pediatr. 2004;41(4):321-6.
2
3. MaiselsJM, McDonagh AF.Phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(9):920-8.
3
4. Ip S, Chung M, Kulig J, O'Brien R, Sege R, Glicken S, et al. An evidence-based review of important issues concerning neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics. 2004; 114(1):e130-53.
4
5. Vreman HJ, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK. Phototherapy: current methods and future directions. Semin Perinatol. 2004;28(5):326-33.
5
6. XiongT, Qu Y, CambierS,Mu D.The side effects of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice:what do we know? What should we do?Eur J Pediatr.2011; 170(10):1247-55.
6
7. Podvin D, Kuehn CM, Mueller BA, Williams M. Maternal and birth characteristics in relation to childhood leukemia. PediatrPerinatEpidemiol. 2006; 20(4):312-22.
7
8. Buffler PA, Kwan ML, Reynolds P, Urayama KY. Environmental and genetic risk factors for childhood leukemia: appraising the evidence.Cancer Invest. 2005; 23(1):60-75.
8
9. Karadag A, Yesilyurt A, Unal S, Keskin I, Demirin H, Uras N, et al. A chromosomal-effect study of intensive phototherapy versus conventional phototherapy in newborns with jaundice. Mutat Res. 2009;676(1-2):17-20.
9
10. Yahia S, Shabaan AE, Guida M, El-Ghanam D, Eldegla H, El-Bakary A, et al. Influence of hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy on markers of genotoxicity and apoptosis in full-term infants. EurJ Pediatr. 2015;174(4):459-64.
10
11. Valko M, Izakovic M, Mazur M, Rhodes CJ, Telser J. Role of oxygen radicals in DNA damage and cancer incidence. MolCell Biochem. 2004;266(1-2):37-56.
11
12. Aycicek A, Kocyigit A, Erel O, Senturk H. Phototherapy causes DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in term infants. J Pediatr. 2008;84(2):141-6.
12
13. Speck WT, Rosenkranz HS. Phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia--a potential environmental health hazard to newborn infants: a review. Environ Mutagen. 1979;1(4):321-36.
13
14. Ramy N, Ghany E, Alsharany W, Nada A, Darwish R, Rabie W, et al. Jaundice, phototherapy, and DNA damage in full-term neonates. J Perinatol. 2016; 36(2):132-6.
14
15. Tatli MM, Minnet C, Kocyigit A, Karadag A. Phototherapy increases DNA damage in lymphocytes of hyperbilirubinemic neonates. Mutat Res. 2008; 654(1):93-5.
15
16. Gathwala G, Sharma S. Phototherapy induces oxidative stress in premature neonates. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2002;21(4):153-4.
16
17. Kurt A, Aygun AD, Kurt AN, Godekmerdan A, Akarsu S, Yilmaz E. Use of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia affects cytokine
17
production and lymphocyte subsets. Neonatology. 2009;95(3):262-6.
18
18. Mesbah-NaminA,Shahidi M,Nakhshab M. An increased genotoxic risk in lymphocytes from phototherapy-treated hyperbilirubinemic neonates. Iran Biomed J. 2017; 21(3):182-9.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of 25- Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels in Premature Infants with and without Respiratory Distress
Background: The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25-OH D3)deficiency is a common problem worldwide, and it is aprevalent incidence in neonates. Different studies investigated the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory distress in preterm neonates.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Alzahra Hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. In total, 160 preterm neonates with>1000 g birth weight were evaluated for the manifestation of respiratory distress during the first 6 h of life. The neonates were divided into two groups of A (n=80) with respiratory symptoms and B (n=80) without respiratory symptoms. The level of 25-OH D3 was measured in the first h of the neonate's life. All neonates were followed to reach 36 weeks of gestational age or 28th day of life. Subsequently, the two groups were compared in terms of vitamin D levels. There was a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory morbidities in group A.Results: The mean vitamin D level was obtained at 27.42±11.25 ng/mL, and it was categorized into adequate level (n=53, 33.1%), inadequate level (n=62,38.8%), and vitamin D deficiency (n=45, 28.1%).According to the results, vitamin D level correlated significantly with birth weight and gestational age (P<0.05). Moreover, respiratory distress correlated with birth weight, gestational age, and the use of corticosteroids during pregnancy (P<0.001). The mean vitamin D level in group A (with respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]) was significantly lower than that in group B (without RDS, P<0.001).Furthermore, vitamin Dcorrelated with RDS, a need for intubation surfactant extubation, and duration of continuous positive airway pressure (P<0.05).Conclusion: Neonates with a low level of vitamin D are prone to manifest respiratory distress, and vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for presenting RDS.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15741_59a1eaffe1a0323bd84424916644e60f.pdf
2020-08-01
109
114
10.22038/ijn.2020.42523.1705
preterm neonate
respiratory distress
respiratory distress syndrome
Azam
Ghehsareh Ardastani
dr_azam_ghehsare@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Elham
Hashemi
hashemielham@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pediatrics Endocrinology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohadeseh
Beheshtinejad
dr.ms.beheshti.nejad@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rezvan
Dorostkar
dorostkar_rezvan@yahoo.com
4
Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler D, et al. DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to'program'T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27. NatImmunol. 2007; 8(3):285-93.
1
2. Di Rosa M, Malaguarnera M, Nicoletti F, Malaguarnera L. Vitamin D3: a helpful immuno‐modulator. Immunology. 2011;134(2):123-39.
2
3. Berry DJ, Vimaleswaran KS, Whittaker JC, Hingorani AD, Hyppönen E. Evaluation of genetic markers as instruments for Mendelian randomization studies on vitamin D. PloS One. 2012;7(5):e37465.
3
4. Kesby JP, Cui X, Ko P, McGrath JJ, Burne TH, Eyles DW. Developmental vitamin D deficiency alters dopamine turnover in neonatal rat forebrain. NeurosciLett. 2009;461(2):155-8.
4
5. Fares S, Sethom MM, Khouaja-Mokrani C, Jabnoun S, Feki M, Kaabachi N. Vitamin A, E, and D deficiencies in tunisian very low birth weight neonates: prevalence and risk factors. PediatrNeonatol. 2014;55(3):196-201.
5
6. Sachan A, Gupta R, Das V, Agarwal A, Awasthi PK, Bhatia V. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women and their newborns in northern India. AmJClin Nutr. 2005;81(5):1060-4.
6
7. Newhook LA, Sloka S, Grant M, Randell E, Kovacs CS, Twells LK. Vitamin D insufficiency common in newborns, children and pregnant women living in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. MaternChild Nutr. 2009;5(2):186-91.
7
8. Brown AJ, Dusso AS, Slatopolsky E. Vitamin D analogues for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol DialTransplant. 2002;17(Suppl10):10-9.
8
9. Darlow BA, Graham P, Rojas‐Reyes MX. Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short‐and long‐term morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016; 8:CD000501.
9
10. Karatekin G, Kaya A, Salihoğlu Ö, Balci H, Nuhoğlu A. Association of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in newborns with acute lower respiratory infection and their mothers. EurJClin Nutr. 2009;63(4):473-7.
10
11. Wang TJ, Zhang F, Richards JB, Kestenbaum B, Van Meurs JB, Berry D, et al. Common genetic determinants of vitamin D insufficiency: a genome-wide association study. Lancet. 2010;376(9736): 180-8.
11
12. Ataseven F, Aygün C, Okuyucu A, Bedir A, Kücük Y, Kücüködük S. Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013;83(4):232-7.
12
13. Cetinkaya M, Cekmez F, Buyukkale G, Erener-Ercan T, Demir F, Tunc T, et al. Lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in term infants. JPerinatol. 2015;35(1):39-45.
13
14. Cetinkaya M, Erener-Ercan T, Kalayci-Oral T, Babayiğit A, Cebeci B, Semerci S, et al.Maternal/neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a new risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants? J Perinatol. 2017;37(6):673-8.
14
15. Joung KE, Burris HH, Van Marter LJ, McElrath TF, Michael Z, Tabatabai P, et al. Vitamin D and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. JPerinatol. 2016;36(10):878-82.
15
16. Levine CR, Gewolb IH, Allen K, Welch RW, Melby JM, Pollack S, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-inflammatory effects of intratracheal recombinant human Clara cell protein in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. PediatrRes. 2005; 58(1):15-21.
16
17. Cetinkaya M, Cekmez F, Erener-Ercan T, Buyukkale G, Demirhan A, Aydemir G, et al. Maternal/neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterms? J Perinatol. 2015;35(10):813-7.
17
18. Kim I, Kim SS, Song JI, Yoon SH, Park GY, Lee YW. Association between vitamin D level at birth and respiratory morbidities in very-low-birth-weight infants. J Korean Pediatr. 2019;62(5):166-72.
18
19. Maghbooli Z, Hossein-Nezhad A, Shafaei AR, Karimi F, Madani FS, Larijani B. Vitamin D status in mothers and their newborns in Iran. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2007;7(1):1.
19
20. De‐Regil LM, Palacios C, Lombardo LK, Peña‐Rosas JP. Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Sao Paulo Med J. 2016; 134(3):274-5.
20
21. Shin YH, Yu J, Kim KW, Ahn K, Hong SA, Lee E, et al. Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA). Korean J Pediatr. 2013;56(10):439-45.
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22. de Haan K, Groeneveld AJ, de Geus HR, Egal M, Struijs A. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for infection, sepsis and mortality in the critically ill: systematic review and meta-analysis. CritCare. 2014;18(6):660.
22
23. Morgan C, Dodds L, Langille DB, Weiler HA, Armson BA, Forest JC, et al. Cord blood vitamin D status and neonatal outcomes in a birth cohort in Quebec, Canada. ArchGynecolObstet. 2016;293(4):731-8.
23
24. Camargo CA, Ingham T, Wickens K, Thadhani R, Silvers KM, Epton MJ, et al. Cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of respiratory infection, wheezing, and asthma. Pediatrics. 2011;127(1):e180-7.
24
25. Marshall I, Mehta R, Petrova A. Vitamin D in the maternal–fetal–neonatal interface: clinical implications and requirements for supplementation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26(7):633-8.
25
26. Torday JS, Rehan VK. A cell–molecular approach predicts vertebrate evolution. MolBiolEvol. 2011; 28(11):2973-81.
26
27. Bossé Y, Lemire M, Poon AH, Daley D, He JQ, Sandford A, et al. Asthma and genes encoding
27
components of the vitamin D pathway. RespirRes. 2009;10(1):98.
28
28. Kho AT, Bhattacharya S, Tantisira KG, Carey VJ, Gaedigk R, Leeder JS, et al. Transcriptomic analysis of human lung development. AmJRespirCrit Care Med. 2010;181(1):54-63.
29
29. Marin L, Dufour M, Tordet C, Nguyen M. 1, 25 (OH) 2D3 stimulates phospholipid biosynthesis and surfactant release in fetal rat lung explants. Biol Neonatol. 1990;57(3-4):257-60.
30
30. Nguyen M, Trubert C, Rizk-Rabin M, Rehan V, Besancon F, Cayre Y, et al. 1, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and fetal lung maturation: immunogold detection of VDR expression in pneumocytes type II cells and effect on fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase. JSteroid BiochemMol Biol. 2004;89-90(1-5):93-7.
31
31. Sakurai R, Shin E, Fonseca S, Sakurai T, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, et al. 1α, 25 (OH) 2D3 and its 3-epimer promote rat lung alveolar epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and inhibit lipofibroblast apoptosis. Am JPhysiol Lung CellMol Physiol. 2009;297(3):L496-505.
32
32. Clancy N, Onwuneme C, Carroll A, McCarthy R, McKenna MJ, Murphy N, et al. Vitamin D and neonatal immune function. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013; 26(7):639-46.
33
33. Kempker JA, Han JE, Tangpricha V, Ziegler TR, Martin GS. Vitamin D and sepsis: an emerging relationship. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(2):101-8.
34
34. Gniadecki R, Gajkowska B, Hansen M. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates the assembly of adherens junctions in keratinocytes: involvement of protein kinase C. Endocrinology. 1997;138(6):2241-8.
35
35. Sadeghi K, Wessner B, Laggner U, Ploder M, Tamandl D, Friedl J, et al. Vitamin D3 down-regulates monocyte TLR expression and triggers hyporesponsiveness to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Eur J Immunol. 2006;36(2):361-70.
36
36. Youssef DA, Miller CW, El-Abbassi AM, Cutchins DC, Cutchins C, Grant WB, et al. Antimicrobial implications of vitamin D. Dermatoendocrinol. 2011;3(4):220-9.
37
37. Boskabadi H, Mamoori G, Khatami SF, Faramarzi R. Serum level of vitamin D in preterm infants and its association with premature-related respiratory complications: a case-control study. Electron Physician. 2018;10(1):6208-14.
38
38. Boskabadi H, Zakerihamidi M, Faramarzi R. The vitamin D level in umbilical cord blood in premature infants with or without intra-ventricular hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2018;16(7):429-34.
39
39. Boskabadi H, Maamouri G, Hemmatipour A, Parvini Z, Ramazani A, Bagheri F. Comparison of serum vitamin D in the umbilical cord of survived with not survived premature infants. Iran J Pediatr. 2019; 29(3):e84798.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Newborns Born in a Training and Research Hospital in Mogadishu,Somalia, Africa
Background: This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of the newborns born in the hospital.Methods: This study included 1199 newborns born in Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia, Africa, in 2018. The gender, birth weight and height, delivery method, health status, mother's age, as well as gravida and parity conditions were retrospectively obtained from the records of the delivery clinic.Results: Out of 1199 newborns, 610 neonates were male (50.9%). The mean birth weight of the newborns was 2915.7±907.5 gr, and the mean birth height was 47.6±4.6 cm. Moreover, 66.6% of the newborns were born by normal vaginal delivery, and 91.8% were born alive. The mean age of the mothers was 26.3±5.4 years, and the mean values of gravida and parity were 3.8±2.5 and 2.9±2.1, respectively.Conclusion: There is a dearth of research regarding the evaluation of newborns in Somalia, Africa. Therefore, it is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to form standards for the follow-up of growth and development of infants living in this region and to improvematernal and child health.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16275_821503b9dddad4d2e1348b03a335be6c.pdf
2020-08-01
115
119
10.22038/ijn.2020.47075.1804
birth height
Birth weight
Newborn
Somalia
Cüneyt
Uğur
cugur70@gmail.com
1
Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Konya Health Application and Research Center, Konya, Turkey
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdisalam
Abdullahi Yusuf
taqi1434@gmail.com
2
Department of Pediatrics, Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia, Africa
AUTHOR
1. Tanner JM. Growth as a mirror of the condition of society: secular trends and class distinctions.Acta Paediatr Jpn.1987;29(1):96-103.
1
2. Neyzi O, Saka HN.Anthropometric studies in Turkish children.Istanbul Med Facul J. 2002; 65:221-8.
2
3. Moyer-Mileur LJ. Anthropometric and laboratory assessment of very low birth weight infants: the most helpful measurements and why. Semin Perinatol. 2007;31(2):96-103.
3
4. Martinez A, Simmons R. Abnormalities of fetal growth. In: Taeusch HW, Ballard RA, Gleason CA, editors. Avery’s diseases of the newborn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2005. P. 32-3.
4
5. Das UG, Sysyn GD. Abnormal fetal growth: intrauterine growth retardation, small for gestational age, large for gestational age. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2004;51(3):639-54. 6. Karna P, Brooks K, Muttineni J, Karmaus W. Anthropometric measurements for neonates, 23 to 29 weeks gestation, in the 1990s. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2005;19(3):215-26. 7. Alshimmiri MM, Al-Saleh EA, Alsaeid K, Hammoud MS, Al-Harmi JA. Birth weight percentiles by gestational age in Kuwait. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004;269(2):111-6.
5
8. Ulijaszek SJ. Between-population variation in pre-adolescent growth. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994;48(Suppl 1):S5-13.
6
9. World Health Organızation. A growth chart for international use in maternal and child health care. Guidelines for primary health care personnel. Geneva: World Health Organızation; 1978.
7
10. Kleijer ME, Dekker GA, Heard AR. Risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction in a socio-economically disadvantaged region. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2005;18(1):23-30. 11. Elshibly EM, Schmalisch G. Relationship between maternal and newborn anthropometric measurements in Sudan. Pediatr Int. 2009;51(3):326-31. 12. Singh KA, Huston-Presley LP, Mencin P, Thomas A, Amini SB, Catalano PM. Birth weight and body composition of neonates born to Caucasian compared with African-American mothers. Obstet Gynecol.2010;115(5):998-1002. 13. Kurtoğlu S, Hatipoğlu N, Mazıcıoğlu MM, Akın MA, Çoban D, Gökoğlu S, et al. Body weight, length and head circumference at birth in a cohort of Turkish newborns. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2012; 4(3):132-9. 14. Yajnik CS, Fall CH, Coyaji KJ, Hirve SS, Rao S, Barker DJ, et al. Neonatal anthropometry: the thin–fat Indian baby. The Pune maternal nutrition study. Int J ObesRelat Metab Disord. 2003;27(2):173-80. 15. Neyzi O, Günöz H, Çelenk A, Bundak R. Birth weight in Turkish infants. Hum Biol. 1986;58(3):367-78. 16. Stat T. Turkish statistical ınstitute (TurkStat). Massachusetts: Press Release, World Population Day;2018.
8
17. World Health Organization. Atlas of African health statistics 2018: Universal health coverage and the sustainable development goals in the WHO African Region.Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
9
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Coronavirus Disease-2019 Infection in Neonates of an Infected Pregnant Mother with Triplets
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is continuing its spread across the world with nearly 13 million people involvement by 11 July 2020. It mainly causes respiratory infection and affects different people in different ways. The COVID-19 infection involves many pregnant women worldwide, and maternal-fetal transmission of viral diseases is a major concern about this virus. However, its vertical transmission has to be proven in further studies.Case report: This study presents a COVID-19-infected woman pregnant with triplets that underwent urgent cesarean section in a tertiary center of gynecology and neonatology. Subsequently, neonatal outcomes will be investigated in this study. All neonates were born with low Apgar scores and transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) immediately after birth. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test of the second male neonate was positive on days 3 and 6; however, he was finally discharged from the hospital in a good condition. It is worth mentioning that the other two newborns died. All three neonates had white lung with an unfavorable response to treatment.Conclusion: In this case study, we explain and discuss the probable COVID-19 infection in another two offsprings, elaborate on the mother's risk factors predisposing her to get involved with COVID-19 infection, and recommend some suggestions to avoid such complications.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16276_7e6f34bc0f50509dba52d324b2a8b000.pdf
2020-08-01
120
122
10.22038/ijn.2020.49218.1856
Covid-19 infection
neonatal intensive care
neonatal lung disease
Vertical transmission
Zohreh
Farsi
sh.farsi@yahoo.com
1
Department of Neonatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Nima
Taheri Derakhsh
nima_taheri@yahoo.com
2
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mandana
Bassirnia
mandana.bassirnia@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Lida
Ahmadi
lidaobstetric@yahoo.com
4
Newborn Expert in Vise Chancellor for Treatment, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammadreza
Shiva
m.r_shiva1346@yahoo.com
5
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sedigheh
Yousefzadegan
dr.yousefzadegan@gmail.com
6
Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Firoozabadi Hospital, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
1
2. Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z. Review of the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Gen Intern Med. 2020; 35(5):1545-9.
2
3. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C, Peng S, Zhang L, Chang G, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr. 2020; 9(1):51-60.
3
4. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020; 395(10226):809-15.
4
5. Schwartz DA. An analysis of 38 pregnant women with COVID-19, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: maternal coronavirus infections and pregnancy outcomes. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020; 144(7):799-805.
5
6. Second edition of Iranian National Covid-19 diagnosis and treatment. Iranian Ministry of Health Care and Medical Education. Available at: URL: http://treatment.sbmu.ac.ir/uploads/2-3-covid-19_bastari.pdf; 2020.
6
7. Fang Y, Zhang H, Xie J, Lin M, Ying L, Pang P, et al. Sensitivity of chest CT for COVID-19: comparison to RT-PCR. Radiology. 2020; 296(2):E115-7.
7
8. Novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) practice advisory. Available at: URL: https:// www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2020/03/novel-coronavirus-2019; 2020.
8
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Case Report of Neonatal Pediculosis: A Simple Challenge, yet Complex
Background: Neonatal pediculosis is a problem the magnitude of which has not been estimated; however, it is regarded as a diagnostic challenge and becomes one of the management challenges for which there are very few managementoptions in terms of age, gestation, and the potential effects of drug toxicity.Case report: Here, we report a case of preterm who developed pediculosis capitis in the neonatal intensive care unit following contact with the mother during kangaroo mother care (KMC). She was successfully treated with a combination of topical extra virgin coconut and olive oil. Other radical treatments could not be administered due to cultural barriers.Conclusion: Furthermore, maternal lice were treated with 1 % permethrin, and the KMC re-initiated. For a successful outcome, the education of the mother was equally important. The neonate was found to be free of lice on follow-up. Therefore, it is concluded that in neonatal pediculosis, topical oils are safe alternatives where drug toxicity is a constraint.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_15752_38a7744e901a83f68d4280b6e72182f4.pdf
2020-08-01
123
125
10.22038/ijn.2020.44666.1742
Extra virgin coconut oil
Head lice infestation in new born
Olive oil
Viveka Santhosh
Reddy Challa
santhoshreddy.c@gmail.com
1
Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
AUTHOR
Soundarya
Mahalingam
soundarya29@gmail.com
2
Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kamalakshi
Bhat
kamalakshibhat@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
AUTHOR
1. Dagne H, Biya AA, Tirfie A, Yallew WW, Dagnew B. Prevalence of pediculosis capitis and associated factors among schoolchildren in Woreta town, northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2019; 12(1):465.
1
2. Yetman RJ. The child with pediculosis capitis. J Pediatr Health Care. 2015;29(1):118-20.
2
3. Nutanson I, Steen CJ, Schwartz RA, Janniger CK. Pediculus humanus capitis: an update. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp PannonicaAdriat. 2008;17(4): 147-54.
3
4. Verma P, Namdeo C. Treatment of pediculosis capitis. Indian J Dermatol. 2015;60(3):238-47.
4
5. Bohl B, Evetts J, McClain K, Rosenauer A, Stellitano E. Clinical practice update: pediculosis capitis. PediatrNurs. 2015;41(5):227-34.
5
6. Mumcuoglu KY, Miller J, Zamir C, Zentner G, Helbin V, Ingber A. The in vivo pediculocidal efficacy of a natural remedy. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002;4(10):790-3
6
7. Albakri L, Goldman RD. Permethrin for scabies in children. Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(10):1005-6.
7
8. Integrative PD. Aromatherapy with essential oils (PDQ®). PDQ cancer information summaries. Maryland: National Cancer Institute (US); 2005.
8
9. Villegas SC, Breitzka RL. Head lice and the use of spinosad. Clin Ther. 2012;34(1):14-23.
9
10. Madke B, Khopkar U. Pediculosis capitis: an update. Indian J Dermatol VenereolLeprol. 2012; 78(4):429-38.
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Varicella Zoster Infection in Infancy (A Very Rare Case Report)
Background: Herpes zoster occurs due to reactivation of varicella zoster-virus (VZV) that is latent in dorsal root ganglion cells after primary varicella infection. It can occur in any age but is very rare during infancy. Acquisition of this virus in utero or early after birth may result in infantile herpes zoster. Case report: Here, it is aimed to report an infant with herpes zoster whom his mother had developed varicella two years before pregnancy. Conclusion: Despite the rarity of shingles in infants after birth, any infant who has a vesicular lesion in a particular neurological dermatome should be aware of the disease.
https://ijn.mums.ac.ir/article_16342_cec100f8c8c723774d0ceaf495b91518.pdf
2020-08-01
126
127
10.22038/ijn.2020.49154.1855
Infant
Herpes zoster
Vesicular rash
Mohammad
Razmyar
dr.razmyar0098@gmail.com
1
Dermatology Department Hazrat Rasoul Hospital Ferdows, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
Abdolkarim
Hamedi
hamedia@mums.ac.ir
2
Infection Control and Hand Hygine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Downing C, Mendoza N, Sra K, Tyring SK. Human herpesviruses. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Schaffer JV, editors. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2018. P. 1400-24.
1
2. Laude TA, Rajkumar S. Herpes zoster in a 4-monthold infant. Arch Dermatol. 1980; 116(2):160.
2
3. Gupta LK, Khare AK, Mittal A, Kuldeep CM. Herpes zoster in infancy. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2013; 4(3):252-4.
3
4. Brunell PA. Varicella-zoster infections in pregnancy. JAMA. 1967; 199(5):315-7.
4
5. Handa SA. Herpes zoster in a 3-month-old infant. Pediatr Dermatol. 1997; 14(4):333.
5
6. Jain A, Singal A, Baruah MC. Herpes zoster in a 9- month-old infant. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1999; 65(6):294-5.
6
7. Brar BK, Pall A, Gupta RR. Herpes zoster neonatorum. J Dermatol. 2003; 30(4):346-7.
7
8. Helander I, Arstila P, Terho P. Herpes zoster in a 6- month-old infant. Acta Derm Venereol. 1983; 63(2):180-1.
8
9. Weller TH. Varicella and herpes zoster: (First of Two Parts). N Engl J Med. 1983; 309(22):1362-8.
9