Continuous Positive Airway Pressure or Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula for Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Control Trial among Premature Neonates

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Vali Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Mother and Newborn Health Research Center,Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

5 Family Health Institute, Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common lung problem in neonates born before 28 weeks of pregnancy. The current study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP), as compared to humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) in the treatment of premature neonates with RDS.
Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted on 60 preterm neonates (gestation Results: There were no significant differences in primary and secondary outcomes, including pneumothorax, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), chronic lung disease, surfactant injection, tracheal intubation, death, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), days of delay in establishing full enteral feeds, duration of hospitalization, and the number of the days for oxygen requirement between NCPAP and HHFNC groups.
Conclusion: HHFNC and NCPAP techniques have the same efficacy in the treatment of RDS in neonates, and there was no difference between the two techniques in terms of treatment failure and clinical outcomes. Since HHFNC is less invasive with the same efficacy compared to CPAP, we recommend that it can be used as a primary modality in preterm neonates with RDS.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Neonatology
Volume 11, Issue 4
October 2020
Pages 50-56

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